SUFICIAL MOTIVES IN PERSIAN LITERATURE AND THEIR COMMON ASPECTS WITH UZBEKISTAN LITERATURE

Аннотация

This article analyzes the artistic expression of mystical motifs that are widespread in Persian literature and their content. The ideas of divine love, the search for truth, and the purification of the soul, which are expressed in the works of famous mystical poets such as Jalaluddin Rumi, Hafiz Shirozi, Sa'di, and Attar, are commented on. The echo of these motifs in Uzbek literature, in particular, the similarities and mutual influences in the work of Alisher Navoi, are also analyzed. Keywords: Persian literature, mysticism, divine love, Rumi, Hafiz, Navoi, truth, soul, commonality, ideological similarity, literary influence Introduction: Persian literature is one of the largest and most deeply rooted branches of classical Eastern literature. In its formation, the ideas of Sufism - that is, spiritual perfection, the attainment of divine love, and the overcoming of ego - played an important role. Sufism literature has not only religious and philosophical content, but also a deep artistic and aesthetic scope, and has had a direct impact on the spiritual and moral life of peoples. The Sufi poets who wrote in Persian - Jalaluddin Rumi, Fariduddin Attar, Hafiz Shirozi, Saadi Shirozi and others - put forward in their works the ideas of the inner struggle in the human soul, spiritual purification, and the pursuit of perfection through divine love. Their work had a strong influence on Uzbek classical literature, especially on Alisher Navoi. This article analyzes the artistic expression and ideological content of these mystical motifs, as well as common aspects in Persian and Uzbek literature. Main part: Sufism was formed in the 9th-10th centuries in the Islamic world as a spiritual and philosophical movement. In Persian literature, these ideas were first expressed through religious and moral exhortations, and later in artistic forms such as ghazals, rubai, and masnavis. In particular, in Fariduddin Attar's "Mantiq ut-tair", mystical concepts such as the negation of the soul, heart, spirit, love, and self through birds are expressed through symbols. This work is of great importance for Eastern literature as an artistic example of the philosophy of Sufism. Jalaluddin Rumi's "Masnavi Ma'navii" is considered a masterpiece of world mystical literature. It puts forward the main idea of divine love - man's 174 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference boundless love for Allah, and the pursuit of truth through the rejection of worldly love. In the Rubaiyats and wisdoms written in the Rumi language, the divine essence is often expressed through symbolic concepts such as “beloved”, “wine”, “tavern”, “saki”. In the works of Jalaluddin Rumi, love is not a simple feeling, but the driving force of existence. In his work “Masnavi Ma’navii”, he says: “It is love that sets the world in motion.” (Rumi, “Masnavii”) According to Rumi, man has distanced himself from God, and love is a means of returning him to his Creator. Images such as wine, tavern, and saki in Rumi’s works are symbolic, and they represent divine pleasure, openness of the heart, and spiritual awakening. Such images have also penetrated Uzbek