TYPES OF MORPHEMES IN RUSSIAN AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION

Аннотация

ness of meaning: the former have a concrete meaning, the latter an abstract one. It is difficult to agree with this. Cf. at least the meaning of root morphemes in the words eto, otnosheniya, do and the meaning of affixal morphemes in the words клубника, черн-ика (сорт ягод), кон-ина,свин-ина. Somescientists distinguish another type of derivational morphemes in the Russian language - confixes (from the Latin confixum "taken together"), which consist of two parts (prefix and postfix) and act in a complex manner in the word-formation act, as something unified. For example:шуметь расшуметься (there are noverbs "рас-шуметь'" or "шуметься'"), кричать раскричаться, говоpить сговориться, звонить созвониться, etc. In these words, two elements рас and ся, с/со- and ся act together as a single morpheme. The words page1035 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai подстаканник, подо-конник, бездорожье, безденежье (glass cup holder), etc. are formed withthehelp ofconfixes. Morphemes in Russian serve various functional roles:  Building Vocabulary. Derivational morphemes expand the lexicon by forming new words.  Indicating Grammatical Relationships. Inflectional morphemes denote relationships between words in sentences, crucial for understanding syntacticstructures.  Conveying Meaning Nuances. The combination of different morphemes allows for nuanced expressionsof meaning. To conclude, the classification of morphemes in the Russian language into free and bound, as well as inflectional and derivational types, reveals the complexity and richness of its morphological system. Understanding these categories enhances our comprehension of how words are formed andmodified inRussian, shedding light onbroader linguistic principles. As Russian continues to evolve, ongoing research into its morphology will be essential for linguistsand language learners alike.