THE IMPORTANCE OF EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION OF STUDENT PORTFOLIOS IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Аннотация

This article discusses the important aspects of the student portfolio in the development of students' intellectual abilities, including motivational, cognitive and metacognitive components. In the current period of development, every country is forced to strengthen its future and think about it tomorrow. In our country, many opportunities have been created for the upbringing of the younger generation, their comprehensive support, and the active participation oftalented and capableyouth, and there are enough conditionsfor thisfor everyone. Keywords:intellectual, ability, cognitive, metacognitive, portfolio. Uzbekistan, which is moving towards independent development, is carrying out extensive work on reforming the system of continuing education, introducing information technologies and increasing the efficiency of education. In modern conditions, innovative tools are used to organize the educational process and monitor students' educational activities. At the same time, one of such tools in the development of students' intellectual abilities is the student portfolio. Appendix 1 to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 824 dated December 31, 2020 “On measures to improve the system related to the organization of the educational process in higher educational institutions” states that in Chapter 6, “Assessment, conversion of grades”, paragraph 31 of the Regulation “On the procedure for introducing a credit-module system into the educational process in higher educational institutions”, “Assessment methods include written, oral, practical work, projects, portfolios and tests that reflect and confirm the student's achievements within a subject or module. It is noted that the assessment criterion must reflect the achievement of the learning outcome. A number of works are currently being carried out in higher education institutions in this regard. The inclusion of a student portfolio as part of assessment methods is of great importance in today's era ofdeveloped information technologies. The creation and effective use of a student portfolio is an urgent and problematicissuetoday. It should be noted that the idea of ​ ​ using a portfolio in education appeared in the mid-1980s in the United States. After the United States and Canada, the portfolio idea became popular in Europe and Japan, and at the beginning of the 21st century, this idea became widespread in Russia, and today this idea has also become established in Uzbekistan. Portfolio (in inglish - portfolio, folder for necessary work and documents. French -to describe, express, carry. Italian - a folder with documents) is a collection of documents, work samples, photographs, materials that allowyou toimagine the possibilitiesoffered, and expertservices [1]. Development and self-development always imply some internal laws, some self-movement, self- change of an object, system, a certain self-construction of the individual, his inner world. This process is irreversible, as a result of which quantitative and qualitative changes occur in intellectual, personal and activity characteristics. They are interconnected and interdependent. Personnel training occupies a special place as the basis of development. The direction of the development process is carried out by influencing the mental development of the student, http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass 413 Volume15Issue04, April2025 Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023: 6.995, 2024 7.75 managing his cognitive activity, developing it and exerting targeted influence [2]. Determining students' abilities through pedagogical activities is one of the important tasks of every educator, because during the lesson, the teacher can learn about the interests and abilities of the student, depending on the assimilation of the information provided by the educator. Ability is a person's individual potential and capabilities. Ability is sharply distinguished from knowledge, knowledge is the result of study, ability is considered a feature of the psychological and physiological structure of a person. Ability differs from skills and qualifications. In most scientific sources, skill is understood as ability. Ability improves in the process of acquiring skillsand qualifications bya person [3]. So, students with high abilities will stand out on their own. Students who cannot demonstrate their talents in social relationships should be given the opportunity to demonstrate their abilities and receive comprehensive support. From this perspective, a student portfolio serves as a convenient platform for a student to demonstrate and demonstrate these abilities and talents. The intellectual development of students includes not only the development of cognitive mechanisms of information processing, but also the formation of metacognitive mechanisms of intellectual self-management. The entire 20th century and the present century require us to transition to a person