DEVELOPMENT OF CLINICAL ALGORITHMS FOR THE TREATMENT OF SECONDARY CATARACTS AND PUPILLARY MEMBRANES IN CHILDREN

Аннотация

This study presents the development and clinical validation of diagnostic and treatment algorithms for secondary cataracts and pupillary membranes in pediatric patients. A total of 160 children (320 eyes), aged 6 months to 15 years (mean age 5.2 ± 3.1 years), were examined post-cataract surgery. Based on cataract etiology, age, and intraocular lens status, personalized laser intervention protocols were created. The proposed algorithm improved visual outcomes and reduced complications. Postoperative optical axis clarity was achieved in 92.5% (296 eyes), and visual acuity increased by two or more lines in 88.4% (283 eyes). The algorithm provides structured decision-making for pediatric ophthalmologists. Keywords: secondary cataract, pupillary membrane, children, clinical algorithm, Nd:YAG laser, individualized treatment, postoperative outcome Relevance Secondary cataracts and pupillary membranes are frequent complications following pediatric cataract surgery, with incidence rates up to 60–90%, especially in children under 5 years old. Effective management of these conditions is vital for preventing amblyopia and ensuring long-term visual rehabilitation. However, pediatric patients present diverse challenges due to differences in age, type of primary cataract, and intraocular lens (IOL) status. Currently, treatment decisions vary significantly among clinicians and lack standardization. This study addresses the need for a unified, evidence-based approach by developing a structured clinical algorithm that guides the diagnosis, treatment selection, and postoperative care of secondary cataracts and pupillary membranes in children. The algorithm incorporates patient-specific factors, timing, and technical parameters of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. It improves clinical consistency, enhances safety, and optimizes visual outcomes. Widespread adoption of such algorithms can elevate the standard of pediatric 63 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference ophthalmic care and reduce vision loss due to inconsistent management strategies in young children. Aim: To develop and clinically validate structured algorithms for the treatment of secondary cataracts and pupillary membranes in children, tailored to cataract type, patient age, and intraocular lens status.