THE SKILL OF CREATING A NATIONAL CHARACTER BY OLMAS UMARBEKOV

Аннотация

Nowadays, in world literary studies, much attention is paid to the issue of character, the artistic development of the national character, its importance in revealing a work of art, and the assessment of the level of literature in reflecting universal and national values. Today, it has become necessary to study the skill of writers to create a national character, topromote thenational values ​ depicted in works ofart. Keywords: character, national value, portrait, detail, stories "Husn", "Sovga", "My boyish nephew", "Aunt Marusya's rifle". Theoretical foundations on the issue were created on the basis of the philosophical views of antiquity about character and its essence. In Uzbek literary studies, this issue was addressed in theearly years ofthe last century, orrather, theproblem ofemphasizing national character was paid attention to by the Jadids. However, as a result of colonial policy, attention to the issue from a political point of view was strong. However, as a result of the changes in recent years, an objective approach to this issue has become possible. In Uzbek literary studies, various directions have been formed, such as the creation of theoretical foundations for the study of the issueof national character, comparative analysis of the works of famous authors, and critical assessment of national features in the characters of the heroes oftheworks. Artistic reflection of life, in turn, means creating an artistic character from a life character. As a result, historical, universal, folk and national aspects of artistic character emerge through human personality. In another source, a correct definition of national character is given based on the essence of literary fiction: “A work of art is of great importance in understanding this or that national character. Literature is, first of all, a form of artistic understanding of a person and his surroundings. It contains all manifestations of the nation's self-understanding and national thinking”1 In general, when we talk about the problem of national character in Uzbek literature, the work of the king and poet Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur, Baburnama, first of all, comes to mind. The character of Babur is embodied in our minds when he honestly reveals the events init, his attitude to them, and his inner feelings. Or thesame is true in the verses about other figures mentioned in the work. In particular, he says the following about his father, Umarshaykh Mirzo: “He was a short, round-bearded, and fair-skinned man. He wore his clothes very tight. So much so that when he tied his belt, he would pull his belly in, and if he 1Novikova,A.A.NikolaiSemenovichLeskov:PeculiarityofArtisticPerception.–Orel.:Orlik,2005.P.7. page993 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai let it go after tying it, the ties would often break”2 In this portrait, we can see that the author tried to reveal the character of the person through the detail of the belt, which indicates nationality. Wearing a belt is an ancient custom of Uzbeks. However, through the image of pulling his belly in, we can learn that Umarshaykh Mirzo was noble, important, but at the sametimesomewhat boastful and arrogant. Or rather, the heroes of the novel Bygone Days by the great writer Abdulla Qodiriy are embodied as national characters. We can see that they embody all the factors characteristic of a national character (speech, appearance.). The characters of the heroes of the work, reflecting the honesty, simplicity, patience, loyalty, humility and many other features characteristic of the Uzbek nation, ensured the popularity of this work. This is the reason why the work became popular in its time and after, and even today, as if it were a folk book. The creator wants some of the characters he depicts to stand out from others with certain aspects. This character, described as a relatively clear, unique person with his own qualities and talents, is a character. “Character is the form of content in a work of art. Because the reader knows and digests the content first and foremost through the characters. That is why the reader remembers the characters as a whole”3. For example, in the novel "It's Hard to Be a Man," writer Olmas Umarbekov convincingly reveals the complexities of the era of the Holocaust, its impact on people's lives, the experiences and thoughts in the minds of the young generation through the character of the main character Abdulla. As a result, the efforts of the young generation to find and preserve their minority and its results are clearly visible in the reader's mind through Abdulla and his bright character. To do this, the writer did not just include real reality in his work, but also recreated it from his own creative laboratory. In the stories of thewriter Olmas Umarbekov, which are included inthe 1st volume of the collection “Saylanma