MECHANISMS OF IMPLEMENTING SELF-EDUCATION IN STUDENTS ON THE BASIS OF A HISTORICAL-CULTURAL APPROAC

Аннотация

The relevance of the article is associated with the priority of education at the present stage of education development, its leading role in the formation of a citizen capable of innovatively transforming himself and society, responsible for preserving the natural and cultural wealth of the Motherland; the fragmentary use of the educational potential of the historical-cultural heritage, which contains cultural-historical memory, spiritual-moral values, traditions, moral and environmental requirements. The purpose of the article: to develop and substantiate the technology of educating students on the basis of historical and cultural heritage in the context of the ideas and rules of an integrated approach, cultural and personal- activity educational paradigms. The article discusses the main theoretical and methodological provisions of the study, the specific features of the integrated approach as the basis for educating students on the basis of historical and cultural heritage; The developed integrated- differential mechanism for educating students on the basis of cultural heritage is presented; The features and structure of the holistic cultural-educational technology are considered, which ensures theformation ofknowledge, value relations, experience of responsiblecreative and constructive activity in the preservation of heritage objects. The specific features of the developed technology are considered. The materials of the article are of practical importance for educational organizations, teachers of additional educational institutions and students of pedagogical universities. Keywords: education, cultural heritage, pedagogical technology, holistic approach, historical andcultural heritage, holisticcultural-educational "immersion" technology. Introduction. In the conditions of rapid and large-scale changes, socio-cultural transformations, the preservation of historical memory, the strengthening of traditional Russian values ​ ​ and the formation of civic identity, the upbringing of the younger generation, the "acquaintance of students with the cultural heritage" of their country and peopleare ofstrategic importance. Cultural heritage, which has accumulated spiritual and moral values ​ ​ and the accumulated life experience of previous generations, has a great educational potential. It ensures the preservation of the axiological matrix of society, dialectically connecting the traditional, the turbulent and the innovative, integrating the culture of the past and the present. Analysis of scientific literature made it possible to establish a number of studies that reveal various aspects of the implementation of the educational potential of this phenomenon: in the page825 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai patriotic education of students based on the Russian musical heritage; in spiritual and moral education based on the historical and cultural heritage, in the pedagogy of amateur theatrical creativity based on the folklore heritage, in substantiating the role and significance of cultural heritage in the education of young people and in considering heritage as an educational factor in school education, in developing methods for usingcultural heritage, in studying landscapes according tothe basicprinciples of cultural heritage, etc. Thismechanism involvesthe implementationof thefollowing stages: Stage 1 - "Universal Orientation: Meeting" is aimed at creating an emotional space; arousing students'interest in studying heritage, shaping itsimage; Stage 2 - "Partial Orientation: Dialogue" ensures the formation of personal meanings and internal positions of the individual in relation to the historical and cultural heritage being studied; understanding its significance and history of development through dialogue with nature, society, culture and the individual;Stage 3 - "Universal Orientation: Testing" involves involving schoolchildren in constructive and creative activities related to solving problems of preserving historical and cultural heritage: working with cases, developing projects, completing important tasks, etc. The mechanism considered and the theoretical and methodological rules presented above became the basis for the development of a holistic cultural education technology. " This technology involves involving students in three consecutively implemented cultural and educational games -trips to the studied objects of the historical and cultural heritage of Russia or their native territory.The duration of each game is 1-2 weeks. Cultural and educational travel games establish an "immersion" dramaturgy, which involves the use of the following pedagogical tools: games, stories, role-playing, teamwork, a system of personal growth, a set of methods (dialogue, situations, projects, a system of responsible tasks, web quests, heuristic teaching methods,