FORMAL AND INFORMAL DIPLOMATIC DISCOURSE

Аннотация

Ushbu maqola diplomatik nutq haqida bo‘lib, u xalqaro munosabatlarning asosiy tarkibiy qismi hisoblanadi va davlatlar, xalqaro tashkilotlar hamda diplomatik vakillar o‘rtasidagi muloqotni shakllantiradi. Ushbu maqola diplomatik muloqotning ikki turi – rasmiy va norasmiy shakllarining mohiyati, xususiyatlari va ahamiyatini tahlil qiladi hamda ularning muzokaralar, nizolarni hal qilishvaxalqaro hamkorlikdagi rolini yoritadi. Kalit so‘zlar:diplomatik nutq, rasmiy muloqot, norasmiy muloqot, xalqaro munosabatlar, diplomatikmuzokaralar. Diplomatic discourse plays a crucial role in international relations, facilitating communication between states, international organizations, and governmental representatives. The language used in diplomacy can be categorized into formal and informal discourse, each serving different purposes and contexts. While formal diplomatic discourse is characterized by structured, polite, and legally binding language, informal discourse tends to be more flexible, conversational, and relationship-oriented. This article explores these two types of diplomatic communication,their characteristics, and theirsignificance ininternational interactions. Diplomatic discourse can be defined as a structured system of communication between diplomat and officials in international roles. It is a form of institutional discourse in which interaction between the addresser and the adressee of messages plays a central role. The adresser is responsible for creating and transmitting the written messages while the adressee interprets and understands them. Diplomats or government representatives act as adressers while other diplomats, institutions or the public are considered to be the adressees. Diplomatic discourse is characterized by formality, precision and conciseness, requiring participants to adhere to strict communicative norms. Diplomats do not express personal opinions but represent their country’s official position. If they disagree with their government, they must either comply or step down, following the principle: "se soumettre ou se demettre" (submit or resign). For diplomats, "independence of judgment should not amount to violation of discipline."[2, 58]. page427 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Although the style of diplomatic discourse differs across cultures, they follow universally accepted conventions and international protocols. Formal diplomatic discourse is typically used in official documents, treaties, legal agreements and diplomatic correspondences such as notes verbales, communiqués and official speeches. It adheres to strict linguistic and rhetorical norms, emphasizing clarity, neutrality and legal precision. Informal diplomatic discourse is used in less rigid settings, such as private meetings, behind-the-scenes negotiations and informal diplomatic correspondence. It allows for a more personal and dynamic exchange of ideas, often fostering trustand diplomacy outsideofficial channels. Diplomats must follow strict rules that they have to deal with handling important documents. They are responsible for reading, preparing and executing these documents which might be addressed to foreign representatives or the government. This means diplomatic documents can beeitherinternal (for thegovernment) orexternal (for interaction with othercountries). A key part of diplomatic documentation consists of internal government records. Another important category includes documents used for offcial communication between countries, expressing their positions on various issues. These documents are written in diplomatic language which is specifically used for offical diplomatic relations. This language includes standard phrases, set expressions and specialized terms that form a universally accepted diplomaticdiscourse. Although diplomatic writing should be clear and simple, it should be in a formal and precise way. Instead, it follows a refined form of simplicity, where every word is chosen carefully to convey the intended meaning precisely. There is an avoidance of the use of unnecessary adjectives as they are not essential for accuracy. Moreover, the main types of diplomatic correspondance, which plays a central role in foreign policyand diplomaticactivities, includepersoanl notes, memorandums and notesverbales. Diplomatic discourse also has specific participants, known as agents. These agents fall into two categories: professional diplomats within the diplomatic corps and senior government officials involved in political decision-making. The audience or addressee, of diplomatic discourse is equally distinct. It includes diplomats of various ranks and, in some cases, the general public, who receive information through the media. [2,59]. The purpose of diplomatic discourse is to inform both national and international audiences about agovernment