INFORMATION ABOUT THE ORIGINS AND HISTORY OF ART THERAPY

Аннотация

In this study, we have provided information about the origins, stages of development, and history of art therapy. We have also provided information about the advantages of using psychotherapeutic methods through psychological approaches. Keywords: Psychological research, art therapy, psychotherapist, Psychological approaches, psychic activity. ART TERAPIYANI KELIB CHIQISHI VA TARIXI HAQIDA MA’LUMOTLAR Annotatsiya. Ushbu tadqiqotda art terapiyani kelib chiqishi, rivojlanish bosqichlari va tarixi haqidagi ma’lumotlarni keltirib o’tganmiz. Shuningdek, psixologik yondashuvlar orqali psixoterapevtik usullardan foydalanishning afzal taraflari haqida ma’lumotlar berib o’tilgan. Kalit so’zlar: Psixologik tadqiqotlar, art terapiya, psixoterapevt, Psixologik yondashuvlar, psixik faoliyat. ИНФОРМАЦИЯ О ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИИ И ИСТОРИИ АРТ-ТЕРАПИИ Аннотация. В данном исследовании мы представили информацию о происхождении, этапах развития и истории арт-терапии. Также была предоставлена информация о преимуществах использования психотерапевтических методов с использованием психологических подходов. Ключевые слова: Психологические исследования, арт-терапия, психотерапевт, психологические подходы, психическая деятельность. In the current era, the rapid and harmonious development of education and culture, the improvement of social relations and political order, the further development of the human being, 303 NEW RENAISSANCE 2025 APRIL INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4 who is the main productive force and the highest wealth of society, requires a new, more extensive approach to the education and upbringing of the younger generation. The task of psychology is to teach students to organize the essence of events and phenomena in reality and society, general psychological phenomena, situations and processes in the life of society, to analyze the development of the individual and the factors affecting it, his individual psychological characteristics, emotional and volitional qualities. The fact that more than 300 branches of psychology are currently developing as a science indicates that it is becoming more and more consolidated in the system of sciences. General psychology is a special field that studies the general laws of mental activity and their specific aspects. Psychology of youth studies the process of mental development of people of different ages from birth to the end of their lives, the laws of the formation and interaction of the personality, the principles of change specific to the age of the individual. Psychology, as a holistic and independent science, serves the formation of mentality in people, and its relevance to the human factor requires its direct connection with all sciences that study problems in this direction in a certain sense. These are, first of all, the fields of social and humanitarian sciences, and psychology has a unique position among them. One of the new areas of psychology is art therapy. Art therapy is often mentioned in modern psychology. The types and methods of this technique are diverse, which provides a huge scope for experiments. It literally means art therapy. Indeed, during the sessions, patients have the opportunity to express their feelings and emotions, explore their individuality using various forms of art, including painting, dance, composition, sculpture, etc. Before considering the most popular types of art therapy in psychology, it is worth paying attention to the history of the creation and development of this correctional method. Initially, the scheme of art therapy was presented in the theories of such famous figures as Z. Freud, C. Jung, A. Maslow. However, in practice, hypothetical models began to be used only in the 30s of the 20th century. A similar correctional method began to be used in the treatment of children who emigrated from the USA to Germany after the end of the war. At that time, art therapy was the only way to cope with stress and combat the traumas received during their stay in Nazi camps. The first experiments gave positive results, so "art therapy" became increasingly popular. Today, almost all types of art therapy are widely used in psychotherapy. This method allows a person to cope with and solve many of his problems, to discover new facets of his personality. The term "art therapy" ("art" - art, "art therapy" - art therapy) means the treatment of plastic visual arts to express their psycho-emotional state. This term was first used by A. Hill in 1938, describing work with patients suffering from tuberculosis in sanatoriums. Art therapy appeared in the 30s of the 20th century. 304 NEW RENAISSANCE 2025 APRIL INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4 Art therapy methods were first used in the United States in working with children brought from Nazi concentration camps. At the beginning of its development, art therapy reflected the psychoanalytic views of Z. Freud. According to Jung, the final product of the