GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT GESTALT THERAPY AND ITS BASIC PRINCIPLES

Аннотация

In this study, we have provided information about Gestalt therapy and its basic principles and causes. Based on this information, instructions are given on how to prevent the causes of mental illness in a person, improve the mental state of the person and help them. Gestalt therapy is a type of psychotherapy that aims to increase a person's awareness, freedom and self- control. It is a form of therapy that focuses on the present, not on past experiences. Gestalt therapy focuses on the here and now. Through Gestalt therapy, people can develop new perspectives and make positive changes in their lives. They can do this because Gestalt therapy helps people to develop self-awareness and a clear understanding of thoughts, feelings and behaviors. Gestalt therapy helps people pay attention to the present. This allows people to identify what immediate thoughts, feelings or behaviors may be causing them distress. Keywords: Gestalt therapy, modern psychotherapy, psychological methods, mental changes, psychological problems, psychotherapeutic problems. GESHTALT TERAPIYASI VA UNING ASOSIY QOIDALARI HAQIDA UMUMIY MA’LUMOTLAR Annotatsiya. Ushbu tadqiqotda Geshtalt terapiyasi haqida ma’lumotlar va uning asosiy qoidalari, kelib chiqish sabablari haqida ma’lumotlarni keltirib o’tganmiz. Bu ma’lumotlarga asoslangan holda shaxsda ruhiy kasalliklarning kelib chiqish sabablarini oldini olish, shaxsning ruhiy holatini oshirish va ularga yordam berish haqida ko’rsatmalar berib o’tiladi. Geshtalt terapiyasi - bu psixoterapiyaning bir turi bo'lib, u insonning ongi, erkinligi va o'zini o'zi boshqarish qobiliyatini oshirishga qaratilgan. Bu o'tmishdagi tajribalarga emas, balki hozirgi vaqtga qaratilgan terapiya shaklidir. Geshtalt terapiyasi asosiy e'tiborni shu erda va hozirga qaratadi. Geshtalt terapiyasi orqali odamlar yangi istiqbollarni ishlab chiqishlari va hayotlariga 297 NEW RENAISSANCE 2025 APRIL INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 4 ijobiy o'zgarishlar kiritishlari mumkin. Ular buni qilishlari mumkin, chunki geshtalt terapiyasi o'z- o'zini anglash va fikrlar, his-tuyg'ular va xatti-harakatlarni aniq tushunishga yordam beradi. Geshtalt terapiyasi odamlarga hozirgi kunga e'tibor berishga yordam beradi. Bu odamlarga qanday bevosita fikrlar, his-tuyg'ular yoki xatti-harakatlar ularni tashvishga solishi mumkinligini aniqlashga imkon beradi. Kalit so’zlar: Geshtalt terapiyasi, zamonaviy psixoterapiya, psixologik metodlar, ruhiy o’zgarishlar, psixologik muammolar, psixoterapevtik muammolar. Gestalt therapy was developed in the 1940s by psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, and psychotherapist Fritz Perls and his wife, psychologist and psychotherapist Laura Perls. Gestalt therapy is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on increasing a person's awareness, freedom, and self-control. Gestalt therapy is based on the idea that people are influenced by their current environment. Each person strives to achieve personal growth and balance. Gestalt therapy focuses on the use of empathy and unconditional acceptance. It helps people overcome distress by learning to trust and accept their feelings. This psychotherapy involves validating clients' experiences of somatic symptoms, increasing body and emotional awareness and regulation, and helping clients understand how their symptoms are rooted in their attitudes and cognitive models. The combination of Gestalt psychotherapy and clinical therapy increases the effectiveness of patients in their recovery. Because through this understanding, both the biological and psychological disruptions caused by the disease are treated at the same time. This, in turn, can be eliminated by managing organic self-healing along with the treatment of biological symptoms through medication. Gestalt therapy is one of the important areas of psychology that focuses on the current experience of a person. It includes methods that help to open personal consciousness and emotions. Today, the demand for psychological health is increasing worldwide, and this, in turn, requires a new look at therapeutic approaches. Gestalt therapy, with its individual approach and concept of grace, is being reevaluated in a new way in modern society. Gestalt therapy is one of the areas that helps to understand the person in accordance with his feelings and experiences and allows him to understand them more deeply. In our time, interest in personal development and self-awareness is increasing. In modern psychotherapy methods, elements of Gestalt therapy are being combined with many approaches. This integration allows for more effective problem-solving in different regions. As a result of the increased stress levels associated with the pandemic and modern lifestyle, Gestalt therapy is being shown as an effective tool for reducing stress and ensuring mental stability. The psychological needs and problems of the younger generation are changing. 298 NEW RENAISSANCE 2025 APRIL INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE V