REPRESENTATION OF NUMBERS IN THE CLASSICAL POETRY OF ALISHER NAVOIY AND MUHAMMAD RIZA OGAHIY

Аннотация

This thesis explores the symbolic and structural use of numbers in the classical poetry of two prominent Central Asian poets: Alisher Navoi and Muhammad Riza Ogahiy. By analyzing their rubaiyat (quatrains) and other poetic forms, the study examines how numerical elements contribute to thematic depth, aesthetic harmony, and philosophical discourse in their works. Key words: sacred seven (7), the forty (40), symbolic and spiritual meaning, mystical traditions, islamic cosmology, sufi symbolism, khamsa (the quintet), sab’ai sayyor (the seven travelers), metaphysical and moral connotations, poetic numerology, philosophical poetry, number-based frameworks, temporal relativity, symbolic use of numbers. ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЕ ЧИСЕЛ В КЛАССИЧЕСКОЙ ПОЭЗИИ АЛИШЕРА НАВОИ И МУХАММАДА РИЗЫ ОГАХИ Аннотация. В этой диссертации исследуется символическое и структурное использование чисел в классической поэзии двух выдающихся поэтов Центральной Азии: Алишера Навои и Мухаммада Ризы Огахи. Анализируя их рубаи (четверостишия) и другие поэтические формы, исследование изучает, как числовые элементы способствуют тематической глубине, эстетической гармонии и философскому дискурсу в их произведениях. Ключевые слова: священная семерка (7), сорок (40), символическое и духовное значение, мистические традиции, исламская космология, суфийский символизм, хамса (квинтет), саб’аи сайёр (семь путников), метафизические и моральные коннотации, поэтическая нумерология, философская поэзия, основанные на числах рамки, временная относительность, символическое использование чисел. Introduction. In classical Eastern literature, numbers often transcend their literal meanings, embodying symbolic and mystical significance. Alisher Navoi and Muhammad Riza Ogahiy, two luminaries of 15th-century Central Asian poetry, adeptly utilized numerical symbolism to enrich their works. This article delves into how both poets employed numbers to convey profound philosophical and spiritual themes, enhancing the depth and resonance of their 1327 ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 4 poetry. As an important element of human intelligence, thought, and imagination, numbers have a special place in fiction. Interestingly, numbers are also given symbolic meaning, which requires high skill from the creator. For example, Muhammad Riza Ogahiy cites the following system of numbers in his rubais: Ten minds, nine shields, and eight heavens, The seven moons are all six aspects, There are five senses and four elements and three birth, Both worlds serve you for months. (O‘n aql, to‘qqiz sipehr-u sakkiz jannat, Ham yetti muniri axtar-u ham olti jihat, Ham besh his-u to‘rt unsur-u uch mavlad, Ham ikki jahon bir senga aylar xizmat.) This verse by Muhammad Riza Ogahiy is a poetic way of showing how the entire universe, from the highest heavens to the smallest human senses, is beautifully ordered and connected. The numbers represent different levels of creation and existence — from spiritual knowledge and the sky, to human nature and the physical world.Ogahiy uses this list of symbolic numbers to say that everything in the world and beyond — the heavens, the stars, the senses, the elements — all work together.In the final line, he says that both this world and the next are in service to "you" — possibly referring to a beloved person, a wise soul, or even God. If we look at the experiences of classical poerts from the perspective of the use of numbers, we can see that they used numbers as a way to emphasize a particular theme, a certain concept and a true meaning. I made epics, saying that the people of our time were unfaithful, Navoi: if you find loyalty in a person, question him, (Zamon ahlin vafosiz debki, qildim dostonlar sabt, Navoiy bir kishida gar vafo topsang, so‘roq o‘rtay) In this verse, the disloyalty of the people of our time , the fact that one one has the virtue of keeping their promises, is expressed though the number “one”. Navoi often used numbers with layered meanings, aligning with Islamic mystical traditions and Sufi symbolism. In “Sabbai Sayyor” (The Seven Travelers), each of the seven stories corresponds with a day of the week and a planetary body, echoing cosmological and metaphysical ideas from Islamic and Persian thought: 1328 ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 4 Seven days my heart wandered like a caravan, Each day, a star became my companion. (“Haft kun sarobad yuragi yo'ldoshim bo‘ldi, Har kun bir yulduz menga do‘st bo‘ldi.”) Here, "seven" implies a complete cycle of experience—material and spiritual—drawing from Islamic concepts of the heavens. The number forty holds deep resonance in Islamic tradition (the Prophet’s age at revelation, 40 days of retreat). Navoi uses it in metaphorical language to express purification or transition: The heart that endures for forty days shall find solace, Behind each suffering lies a trace of delight. (Qirq kun sabr qilgan dilga sabo esar oxir, Har ranj orqasida bordir bir lazzat asar.) Ogahiy’s