DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF MYTHO-EPIC AND FOLKLORE THEMES IN UZBEKISTAN'S FINE AND APPLIED ART

Аннотация

Article Uzbekistan fine and applied arts mytho-epic Hamda folklore thematic study of culture, development of literature and analysis of environmental dynamics. While in other countries, suchas India, it currently does not exist. Base concepts:myth, imagination, epic, petroglyph, candor, sculpture, primitivism, terracotta, amulet, Sphinx,Humo, Griffon, metaphor, conditionality, symbol. The first images of mythological thought, made in a simple style, were expressed in various ritual scenes in paintings on gorges, caves, rocks and stones. Although such images of the Mesolithic period were not developed to the level of a work of art, they were expressive interpretations of the mythological ideas of our ancestors about existence in simple, primitive forms. While the Zarautsoy paintings, according to their form and content, expressed some magical rituals, some petroglyphs depicted symbolic geometric shapes. In the rock paintings of the Sarmishsay Gorge, the theme of “Light” was worked out in the style of carving on smooth, glassy stone. In thecomposition, which developed from thebottom up,people's movements were united around onetheme, one idea. Thelowest image depicts akneeling man making light orfire, the second one depicts a man carrying a torch in his hand, the next one depicts a man baking bread in a tandoor, the top one depicts the sun and in its center the image of a tribal chief with his hand on his waist. From the three-tiered symbolic images above the heads of the people standing on the lower strange creature, it can be understood that our ancestors glorified the sun, the light that illuminates the darkness, and honored their leaders as beings who, like the sun, share light with everyone. Some of the images depict the rituals of the Martians based on the beliefs ofthelocal population. In the Bronze Age, 20th-7th centuries BC, the first urban civilization emerged, and images related to the mythological ideas of our ancestors were used in the form and decoration of household items made of non-ferrous metals and delicate jewelry. During these periods, the range of mythological ideas expanded, and views related to the spirits of the departed began to be expressed. In art, along with the settled urban culture, images of animals characteristic of the nomadic steppes dominated. The carved and terracotta sculptures related to myths were mainly made of clay, stone, marble and bone. Small terracotta sculptures of gold, silver, copper and bronzewere madeusingthecasting method. Starting from the second millennium BC, exquisite objects, amulets, seals and women's jewelry on magical themes were made of stone and bronze. The appearance and decoration of simple stone and ceramic figurines and household items found in the ruins of Bandikhontepa, Jarkotan, and Kyzyltepa reflect the sharp features ofthe mythological thinking of our ancestors. The topof thebronzeurn found in Sopollitepa has a very simple, lifelikeinterpretation of the“animal style” in the form of a mountain goat. In these periods, the shape and decoration of simple household page283 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai items, vessels, and jewelry made of bronze depicted the beliefs of nomadic tribes, plots, and events in asimple, realisticmanner. The walls of buildings and palaces built in our country during the Iranian Ahmanids in the 6th- 4th centuries BC were decorated with plots corresponding to the legends of “Odatid and Zariadna,” which were famous in their time. The capital of the Sultan-Uvaystog monument in Khorezm, dating back tothe 5th century BC, has a realisticinterpretation ofa human head facing both sides. The capital is stylistically similar to the palaces of Persepolis and Susa. The image on the stone pillar creates an unnatural mythological figure with a human face and a sheep head. In the art of the 5th-4th centuries BC, the objects and valuable gifts of the Scythian tribes, made in the“animal style”,stand out from the rest in terms of their processing technique and artistic style. However, among the various valuable objects in the “Amudarya Treasure” series found in the upper reaches of the Amu Darya, the golden vessel with a lion’s head handle was made for the palace in a strict order, based on the decorativeness, elegance, and specific requirements inherent inurban culture. In the art of antiquity, theimages of heroes from Hellenistic myths were interpreted a littlecloser to real life. In the Hellenistic tradition, numerous smooth and elegant representations of Greek myths - Zeus, Aphrodite, Athena, Eros, Nika, Silenus and Satyr - occupy a special place in the history of art. Statues depicting the mythical heroes Heracles, Romulus and Remus were popular among local residents. It is logical to study mythological themes in the art of the ancient period by conditionally dividin