CLINICAL SIGNS AND PREVENTION OF EPHEMERAL FEVER DISEASE IN CATTLE

Аннотация

В данной статье определены клинические симптомы, диагностика и профилактические задачи Эфемерной лихорадки крупного рогатого скота, которая является однимиззаболеваний,неизученныхдо сих пор нашимиучеными вУзбекистане. Annotation. This article defines the clinical signs, diagnostics and preventive tasks of the disease ephemeral fever of cattle, which is one of the common diseases that has not yet been studiedbyour scientistsin Uzbekistan. Kalit so'zlar: qoramol, efemera, isitma, virus, ko'z shilliq pardalari, tananing yallig'lanishi va kuchlanish oyoq mushaklari,og`iz, burun, so`lak, qon so'ruvchi pashsha, dezinseksiya, dezinfeksiya. Ключевые слова: крупный рогатый скот, эфемеры, лихорадка, вирус, слизистые оболочки глаз, воспаление тела и напряжение мышц ног, рот, нос, слюна, кровососущая муха,дезинсекция,дезинфекция. Key words: cattle, ephemera, fever, virus, eye mucous membranes, body inflammation and tensionleg muscles, mouth,nose, saliva, blood-sucking fly, disinsection, disinfection. Introduction. Livestock is one of the most important sectors of agriculture, playing a key role in the production of milk, meat, leather and other products. Keeping livestock healthy is important for the development of livestock. However, in recent years, infectious diseases, in particular, ephemeral disease, have become widespread in cattle and have become one of the most importantproblems causing economic losses. page247 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Ephemeral fever of cattle, one of the most common diseases in Uzbekistan that has not been studied by our scientists to date, is an acute viral disease, characterized mainly in cattle by short- term (gr. ephemer-short) fever, reddening of the nose, mouth, pharynx, mucous membranes of the eyes, inflammation of the body and tension (stiffness) of the leg muscles, difficulty moving andlameness. The disease was first recorded among cattle in 1867, then in 1907, 1908, 1915, in the countries of the Asian continent in 1887-1891, 1906-1908, 1919, in Australia in 1936-1937. Therefore, this disease has been studied especially well in Africa, Australia and Japan, and the presence of antigenically close descendants of the virus that causes it has been identified. Ephemeral fever has also been recorded among cattle in Finland, Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, the Netherlands and Denmark. Ephemeral fever mainly spreads as an epizootic, and economic damage is caused by a sharp decrease in livestock production, partly due to the death of sick animals, and the costs of treatment, disinfection and disinfestation. The disease is caused by the lymphotropic bovine ephemeralis fever rhabdovirus, which belongs to the Rhabdoviridae family and contains ribonucleic acid in its core. After the virus enters the body, antibodies are produced against it that neutralize the virus and fix complement. The disease is not contagious, the virus is transmitted primarily through the blood-sucking flies of the Culex annuliros, Anopheles annulipes and other genera, and then to a healthy animal through mosquitoes. The virus is not mechanically transmitted to healthy cattle by the above-mentioned flies, but lives in their bodies. Therefore, flies are a reservoir of this disease in nature. Ephemeral fever is characterized by a very rapid spread. The source of the pathogen is sick and virus-carrying cattle. A fly that feeds on the blood of such animals first acquires the ephedrine virus, and then infects it with this virus while sucking the blood of a healthy animal. Due to the fact that flies infected with the virus are blown hundreds of kilometers byastrong wind, thedisease virus can spread not onlyin one area, butalso across the region, country, and even thecontinent. Relevance of the topic. This disease is classified as exotic for our country, since ephemeral fever was first recorded in 1984under thename Termez fever, and later in 2002and 2012 among cattle. In August 2012, this disease, which was observed among cattle in Surkhandarya region, was brought from Afghanistan by a strong wind. Because this disease has been recorded in various regions ofthe Asian continent (Indonesia, Japan, China, India). Clinical signs of ephemeral disease. In sick cattle, the body temperature suddenly rises from 400 C to 420 C, the cattle's muscles tremble, they become lame, they become lax, the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose and mouth become inflamed, salivation occurs from the mouth and nose. There is a discharge of mucus and a foul-smelling liquid, redness of the visible mucous membranes, a rapid decrease in appetite, in many cases its complete loss, abdominal atony, tremors, weakness and recumbency. Body temperature returns to normal in 80% of cases after 2- 3 days, in 10-20% of cases after 4-5 days. In some animals, coughing, breathing and heart rate in