PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR CANCER PATIENTS

Аннотация

This article presents scientific perspectives on the psychological characteristics of oncology patients, their mental-emotional state, pathological features, and the pathogenesis of the pathology. The primary focus of the article is the necessity of studying patients' psychological conditionsas a crucial aspect oftheirtreatment, especially in adultpatients. Keywords: Oncology, psyche, medicine, psychology, hematology, psychological support, mental state, assessment, attitude, experience, goal, trust. Intradaction: It is well known that in adult patients with oncological and hematological diseases, self-esteem is restored based on their experience of being treated with respect by those around them[1]. If a patient is treated with respect by others, they, in turn, are capable of treating themselves with care and respect. Encouraging the patient with words like, "Believe in yourself, everyone loves you, trust those who are taking care of you" can help build their trust in those around them. It is important not only to monitor existing symptoms but also to understand what lies behind the patient's complaints and behavior. Observation and assessment of self-care abilities should be conducted. In recent years, the incidence of oncological diseases has significantly increased worldwide. In this context, the role of deontology in the relationship between the doctor and the patient is extremely important[2]. When a doctor diagnoses a patient with cancer, the patient may experience acute stress after receiving the diagnosis. How they cope with this stress largely depends on the information they had before becoming ill. Nevertheless, initial reactions such as shock, confusion, and denial are understandable. Under acute stress, cognitive abilities decline, making it difficult to make urgent decisions. Denial serves as a defense mechanism against a psychological shock and forces the patient to carefully and repeatedly verify the information they receive from various sources[3]. It is crucial for the patient to have someone nearby who can help organize their treatment. These individuals can include close family members, peer counselors, and charity foundation staff who support patients during their treatment journey. People who have experienced cancer themselves play an important role; they share their experiences of adapting to the illness and treatment[5]. They reassure patients that what they are feeling is normal (for example, if they don’t feel like visiting a doctor). Whathelpsin acceptingthe diagnosis? Accepting a diagnosis is a long, multi-stage, and cyclical process. The well-known five stages of acceptance (denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance) are rarely experienced in a strictly linear fashion. Each individual has their own unique way of coping. A person may simultaneously experience anger, confusion, and depression while still taking actions beneficial tothem. They may also revisit previous stages multiple times. www.wordlyknowledge.uz ILMIYMETODIK JURNAL JOURNAL OFIQRO –ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО –IQRO JURNALI –volume 15,issue01,2025 ISSN:2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR( RESEARCH BIB )–7,245,SJIF–5,431 The first and most important factor in accepting the illness is time. To make this process less painful, people need emotional resilience and attention to their individual needs. Some may require additional support during this period. The roleof various specialists inthe fight against cancer. In the battle against oncological diseases, not only medical professionals but also biologists, geneticists, chemists, physicists, and experts from various scientific fields play an active role. The efforts of scientists have led to significant advancements in the early detection and treatment ofcancer[4]. For instance, in neurology, technologies such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have enabled early detection and effective treatment of brain tumors. Before the 1980s, diagnosing brain tumors was extremely difficult and required multiple attempts. In suspected cases, deep clinical examinations were conducted alongside several paraclinical tests, including radiography, echoencephalography, electroencephalography[6], rheoencephalography, pneumoencephalography, and cerebral angiography. The last three tests were particularly crucial for diagnosis. Thepsychological challenges ofadult cancer patients. Discussing the psychological aspects of adult cancer patients is particularly relevant when addressing brain tumor diagnostics. Unlike tumors in other organs, brain tumors often cause psychological disturbances. Furthermore, when a patient is diagnosed with a brain tumor and learns that it requires surgery, they often experience severe emotional distress[5]. The fact that the disease affects the brain the body’s control center intensifies their anxiety. In such cases, the doctor’s role is not only to provide medical treatment but also to help alleviate psychological tension. This responsibility should not