CIRCULATORY DISEASES AND THE ROLE OF NUTRITION

Аннотация

The article discusses the main causes of cardiovascular diseases, including tobacco use, unhealthy diet and obesity, unhealthy lifestyle, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, and air pollution. Most cardiovascular diseases can be prevented by eliminating behavioral and environmental risk factors. It is important to detect cardiovascular diseases as early as possible, as treatment, medication, and a healthy lifestyle anddiet are essential. Key words: healthy eating, diet, blood circulation, physical inactivity, atherosclerosis, stroke. According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases are a major global health problem due to their high incidence and mortality rates. In 2019, an estimated 17.9 million people died from cardiovascular diseases, accounting for 32% of all deaths worldwide. Of these deaths, 85% were due to myocardial infarction and stroke. More than three-quarters of all deaths from cardiovascular diseases occur in low- and middle-income countries. Of the 17 million premature deaths (under 70 years of age) from noncommunicablediseases in2019,38% were due tocardiovascular diseases. Not smoking, reducing salt and salty foods, increasing fruit and vegetable consumption, engaging in regular physical activity, and limiting alcohol consumption have been shown to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Public health strategies that promote healthy eating, including local fruits and vegetables and traditional foods, and create affordableand healthy environments, as well as improving air quality and reducing pollution, areessential for developing health-promoting behaviors. In other words, thedevelopment of circulatory diseases The organization of proper nutrition, a healthy lifestyle . It is worth noting that even people with a genetic predisposition to circulatory diseases can avoid the disease with a healthy lifestyle [1]. The incidence of cardiovascular diseases has decreased over the past 25 years, making it a priority for public health to organize proper nutrition, promote a healthy lifestyle, and especially prevent 98,7:ROTCAFTCAPMI.SECNEICSLACIDEM ,5202 ,lirpA,5emuloV gro.srehsilbupcimedaca.www circulatory diseases through lifestyle changes [2]. On theother hand, many scientific studies have shown that organizing proper nutrition can be a preventive factor in the death rate from circulatory diseases. [3]. Healthy eating is not only a preventive measure but also a therapeutic measure for cardiovascular diseases [4].In this sense, inorder to strengthen theprevention of circulatory diseases, the quality of food products and the organization of proper nutrition, the formation of dietary patterns, and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle should be a priority. Improper eating habits, lack of physical exercise, overweight and obesity, or smoking habits, etc. can lead tothedevelopment ofcirculatory diseases. circulatory diseases, and one of the important causes of malnutrition [5, 6, 7] . Atherosclerosis is the worst cause of circulatory diseases is a pathological process. Therefore, the development of processes involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, culminating in the rupture of atherosclerotic plaques and the formation of thrombi, is closely related to the mechanisms that influence the consumption of food products and circulatory diseases. There is clear evidence that serum cholesterol is associated with the risk of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and coronary death [8]. Obesity, especially visceral obesity, is an unproven risk factorfor cardiovascular disease and istheresult ofexcess energy balance. This increasing health risk is closely linked to obesity. Obesity not only predisposes people to cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, but also leads to chronic inflammatory diseases [9]. Unhealthy eating habits, irregular meals, and of course, lack of exercise lead to weight gain, which in turn plays asignificant roleinthe development of circulatory diseases. A culture of unhealthy eating habits, which leads to obesity. It is well known that excess weight is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases [12]. Obesity is largely determined by body mass index (BMI) between populations. For example, there is a large difference in BMI between Asians and Caucasians. It has been found that overweight and obesity are associated with an increased risk of stroke and ischemic stroke inboth menand women [10]. It has also been found that men who are overweight or obese are more likely to have a higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke. The effect of overweight on the risk of circulatory diseases is morelikely to occur in men thanin women [10]. Trans fats have long been used in the food industry and in the home by heating partially saturated and unsaturated trans fats in ready-made or semi-finished food products at higher temperatures. However, research findings indicate that, due to the increasing negative health effects and the re