PANCREATIC GLAND MORPHOLOGY IN EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM

Аннотация

In our study, we examined white laboratory rats born from control and experimental mothers with hypothyroidism. As a result of morphological analysis of the pancreas in different periods of postnatal ontogenesis, significant changes in the delay in the development and formation of individual components of the vascular wall were revealed compared to the control group. From the first days after the start of the experiment, changes in the arterial wall were noted in all experimental animals. The results show that morphological changes in the cells of the pancreas and its blood vessels occur in the offspring born from mothers with hypothyroidism. Key words: pancreas, acinus, mercazolil, share. МОРФОЛОГИЯ ПОДЖЕЛУДОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ ПРИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОМ ГИПОТИРЕОЗЕ Аннотация. В нашем исследовании мы обследовали белых лабораторных крыс, рожденных от контрольных и подопытных матерей с гипотиреозом. В результате морфологического анализа поджелудочной железы в разные периоды постнатального онтогенеза были выявлены существенные изменения в задержке развития и формирования отдельных компонентов сосудистой стенки по сравнению с контрольной группой. С первых дней после начала эксперимента у всех подопытных животных отмечены изменения артериальной стенки. Полученные результаты показывают, что у потомства, рожденного от матерей с гипотиреозом, происходят морфологические изменения в клетках поджелудочной железы и ее кровеносных сосудах. Ключевые слова: поджелудочная железа, ацинус, мерказолил, доля. Introduction. Among endocrine diseases in the world, thyroid diseases occupy a high place in terms of incidence. 1 16 9 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 4 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ The incidence of manifest hypothyroidism is 0.2-1%, and latent primary hypothyroidism is 7-10%. Metabolic changes observed as a result of a deficiency or excess of thyroid hormones in the body also lead to morphological and functional changes in the gastrointestinal tract [1, 5, 8, 12]. According to the World Health Organization, studies conducted in Australia, Europe, Central Asia, the Middle East, and North America indicate that the prevalence of gastrointestinal diseases among the population is 7-41% and an average of 25%. In this case, in order to avoid negative impacts on people's life expectancy, it is necessary to expand modern diagnostic capabilities in identifying the disease, and the emergence of various conditions that lead to an increase in the disease leads to morphological and functional changes in the gastrointestinal system [2, 4, 7, 13]. 32% of patients under the supervision of the dispensary are patients with diseases of the digestive system. This disease in many cases causes significant material losses to the patient and the state budget due to the long-term temporary loss of working capacity, the high cost of treatment and rehabilitation processes [3, 6, 10]. In this regard, the prevention of thyroid diseases and their causes, the development of effective diagnostic and treatment methods are one of the urgent issues of modern medicine. In the last decade, a number of scientific studies have been conducted in the world to study thyroid diseases and their adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract [9, 11]. In this regard, it is of particular scientific and practical importance to scientifically substantiate the morphological characteristics of the pancreas in offspring born from hypothyroid mothers, to determine that changes in the pancreas in hypothyroidism are mainly clinical, but given the paucity of information on morphological changes in the pancreas, scientific studies aimed at assessing the dynamics of changes in the pancreas are of particular scientific and practical importance. In modern domestic and foreign literature, there is no information on a comprehensive assessment of the morphofunctional characteristics of the development of the exocrine and endocrine parts of the pancreas in the postnatal period in offspring born from women with hypothyroidism. The increase in diabetes, the extreme importance of the problem of hypothyroidism in pregnant women, and the uncertainty and insufficient study of the structural and functional mechanisms of its negative impact on the postnatal development of the gastrointestinal system of the offspring, require a high level of relevance of research in this area. Purpose of the Research. To determine the nature of morphological changes in the pancreas in experimental hypothyroidism. 1 17 0 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 4 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ Materials and Methods. To achieve the goal of the study, the pancreas of 80 sexually mature white laboratory rats was studied. White laboratory rats were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 30 healthy rats as a control group. In the experimental group 2, 50 female white laboratory rats were given 0.5