PARASITIC FAUNA OF ARAL FISH (ABRAMIS BRAMA ORIENTALIS BERG.)

Аннотация

The article examines the parasitic species of the Aral whitefish (Abramis brama orientalis Berg) and their fauna. Key words: trematodes, protozoa, nematodes, *Doctylogyrus wunderi*, *D.falcatus*, *D.zandti*, *D.auriculatus*, *Girodactylus parvicopula*, *Diplozoon paradoxum*, *Abramis brama orientalis*. The Aral whitefish (Abramis brama orientalis Berg) is found in the Aral Sea, the Chu River, the southern Aral reservoirs, the upper reaches of the Syr Darya, and the upper reaches of the Amu Darya. Not found in the Zarafshan and Kashkadarya rivers (Berg, 1949) According to S.O. Osmanov's (1971) data, 63 species of parasites of the Aral whitefish (Abramis brama orientalis Berg) have been identified. Among them, the highest number includes trematodes (13), protozoa (15), nematodes (12), tapeworms (8), cancers (7), monogenetic sucking worms (6), leeches, and mollusks. Among the discovered parasites, 6 species of monogenians (Doctylogyrus wunderi, D.falcatus, D.zandti, D.auriculatus, Girodactylus parvicopula, Diplozoon paradoxum) and the Aral whitefish (Abramis brama orientalis Berg) are specific species for the fish. The remaining 55 species have a wide range of hosts. S.O.Osmanov (1971) discovered 39 species of parasites in the Aral Sea, including the Aral whitefish (Abramis brama orientalis Berg), 35 species in the Amu Darya, and 30 species in the Syr Darya. A. I. Agapova and A. P. Maksimova (1960) recorded 6 species of parasites from the Chu River and 9 species from the whitefish from the Sarysu and Zhezkazgan reservoirs. According to our research in recent years, 21 Aral turtledoves from Lake Aqshako'l were examined using the complete parasitological dissection method. The body length of the studied fish was 16.3-19.2 cm, and their weight was 121- 323 grams. Nine types of parasites were identified. In general, compared to 1972-1973, the parasitic species composition of the Aral whitefish (Abramis brama orientalis Berg) has decreased by 7 times. Among these parasites, the most common are the Doctylogyrus wunderi and Diplostomum spathaceim, and the intensity of injury and damage is very low. 35 МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИХ НАУК Specific parasitic species of the Aral whitefish (Abramis brama orientalis Berg) were recorded, including Trypanosoma abramidis, Doctylogyrus wunderi, and Diplozoon paradoxum. At the same time, Contracaecum squalii, which are bentophages of the Southern Aral Sea region, and the remaining 4 species of parasites (T.clavatuv, D.zandti, Gryporhynchus pusillum, Argulus foliaceus) were found in very small numbers, one or two specimens each. In the southern Aral Sea basin, although the parasite species composition of the Aral whitefish (Abramis brama orientalis Berg) has sharply decreased, if favorable conditions arise for parasites, a disease outbreak can be observed. Therefore, studying the biology and ecology of each parasite species is our primary goal.