Methods of teaching writing skill to students

Аннотация

A limerick is five lines long with the rhyme scheme a-a-b-b-a. This means that lines 1, 2 and 5 rhyme with each other, and lines 3 and 4 rhyme with each other. They also have a bouncing rhythm. Limericks are meant to be funny, and often employ elements of literature such as hyperbole, onomatopoeia and alliteration. The first line usually sets up the idea of the poem, and 213 the last is generally the punch line. Although sometimes bawdy, outlandish limericks bring humor and rhyme to the world of poetry. Key words: Rhyme, limericks, meter, poetry, hyperbole, onomatopoeia and alliteration. A limerick is a form of verse, usually humorous and frequently rude, in five-line, predominantly anapestic meter with a strict rhyme scheme of AABBA, in which the first, second and fifth line rhyme, while the third and fourth lines are shorter and share a different rhyme. The form appeared in England in the early years of the 18th century. It was popularized by Edward Lear (The Book of Nonsense,1845) in the 19th century, although he did not use the term. Gershon Legman (cited: Anna of the Five Town by Arnold Bennet,1902) who compiled the largest and most scholarly anthology, held that the true limerick as a folk form is always obscene, and cites similar opinions by Arnold Bennett and Shaw (Anna of the Five Town,1902), describing the clean limerick as a "periodic fad and object of magazine contests, rarely rising above mediocrity". From a folkloric point of view, the form is essentially transgressive; violation of taboo is part of its function. The end of the 19th century, when feudalism became stronger, was the period of strengthening of exploitation among the people living in England and other parts of the world. At that time the poor were exploited in hard work but they believed that the situation would end up with happiness. Limericks were the best way to express the people’s feelings and make life easier. The word “limerick” has its reference to the country or city in Ireland named Limerick. The limerick as a form of poetry appears in 1880 in a New Burnswick Newspaper (Saint John, 1880). In Los Angeles, U.S.A “Tommy Thumb’s Pretty Song Book” by Mary Cooper (1744) was the first collection of English Nursery Rhymes, a facsimile edition with a history and annotations by Andrea Immel (The Cambridge Companion to Children’s literature-2010) and Brian Alderson, (Ladybird story, 2014) where the following poem in limerick form appears and is the first example in print of an illustrated limerick. It remains to be well-known today, in various forms: Hickere, Dickere Dock, A Mouse ran up the Clock, The Clock Struck One, The Mouse fell down, And Hickere Dickere Dock. Usually, limericks were written for criticizing upper level members of society and laughing at them. Here, the meaning of the poem is that during the years of 1649 to 1658, Britain was ruled by Oliver Cromwell as the Lord Protector of the republic. Before he died, he encouraged Parliament to appoint his son, Richard to the post. Richard was not suited for being Lord Protector. In contrast to his father Oliver’s nature, Richard was mouse-like and timid. He earned a number of nicknames such as Tumbledown Dick because of his abrupt fall from power when the monarchy was restored under King Charles II in 1660. (Alexander A,1997) The standard form of a limerick is a stanza of five lines, with the first, second and fifth rhyming with one another and having three feet of three syllables each; and the shorter third and fourth lines also rhyming with each other, but having only two feet of three syllables. The third and fourth lines are usually anapaestic. The first, second and fifth are usually either anapaests or amphibrachs. (Marsh, L, 1997) 214 Tommy Thumb’s book “Pretty Song Book” (Mary Cooper, 1744) contained forty nursery rhymes, many of which are still part of child’s play today. It was spelled “Hickere, Dickere Dock” in his historic text. The limerick was largely used by Edward Lear in the 19th century, though the term was not used by him. Edward Lear did not invent the limerick. Although he may have played some part in popularizing the limerick form of poetry in his “The Book of Nonsense” (1845) which was published in 1845 and later in another book in 1872, Lear’s 212 limericks were termed as nonsense verse. The concluding line of the limerick usually ended with the final word of the first line: There once was an old man from Peru His poor lamas came down with the flu In the valley he passed All the people who gasped At the beast that was uttering “moo” Limerick is a humorous, often bawdy verse of five anapaestic lines with the rhyme scheme [a-a-b-b-a] and typically having a [9-9-6-6-9] cadence. The first line usually sets up the idea of the poem, and the last is generally the punch line. Sometimes bawdy, outlandish limericks bring humor and rhyme to the world of poetry. The purpose of using this form is to replace everyday expression with unusual alternative to express