ECOLOGICAL CULTURE IN UZBEKISTAN: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Аннотация

Taking into account the fact that environmental problems are gaining global importance, in recent years, along with important priority tasks, special attention has been paid to environmental protection, ecological culture, ecological education, and ecological awareness. Therefore, the article discusses the issues of forming an ecological culture among the population. Key words: Ecological culture, ecological knowledge, ecological problem, atmospheric pollution, ecological values. Introduction. In recent years, environmental problems have become a priority issue in human life around the world. Inequality in nature, global pollution, and climate change - all of this reflects man's attitude towards nature. Uzbekistan is not immune to such problems. Therefore, the formation of an ecological culture in our country and its dissemination to the general public has become an important task. Taking into account the growing global importance of environmental problems, in recent years, special attention has been paid to environmental protection, ecological culture, ecological education, and ecological awareness, along with important priority tasks. The relevance of ecological education is determined by the need to protect the nature, ecosystems, and environment of our country from instability and degradation, to increase the ecological culture of the population, and to involve all segments of the population, especially young people, in these serious, vital issues. The biosphere is changing very rapidly under the influence of human activity. As a result of such an impact of humanity on natural processes, ecological problems began to flare up in the middle of the 20th century. Thus, ecological problems are primarily due to the impact of man on nature. As a result of the development of civilization and the gradual deepening of humanity's impact on nature, the situation is changing for the worse. Today, even if we talk about primitive pure nature, Because the vast forests on Earth have been cut down, large areas have been cleared for agriculture, fertilizers have been applied, and clean air and nature have been polluted with all kinds of waste and gases. In addition, floods, forest fires, dust storms, and other natural 47 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference disasters are occurring more frequently and on a catastrophic scale. All of this is disrupting the natural balance of the environment. Natural, anthropogenic, or purely anthropogenic phenomena observed around the world are considered universal problems. Such environmental problems include, among others, the phenomena of "Atmospheric Humidification" and "Ozone Layer Depletion", as well as the scarcity of fresh water, the reduction of plant and animal species, and the use of toxic chemical compounds in land cultivation. Ecological culture is a spiritual, moral, social and practical form of relations between man and nature. That is, it is a person's conscious attitude to nature, the integration of ecological values in his lifestyle, and most importantly, an understanding of personal responsibility for the protection of nature. Ecological culture includes the following: 1. Ecological knowledge - theoretical and practical information about the state of the environment, natural resources, sources of pollution and their consequences. 2. Ecological feeling - love for nature, the desire to preserve and protect it. 3. Ecological awareness - the ability to understand the impact of a person on nature through his actions. 4. Ecological ethics - the ethics of not harming nature, maintaining a balance between society and nature. 5. Ecological activity - the formation of an ecological lifestyle through practical work (planting trees, sorting waste, saving water, etc.). Ecological culture is not only information, but also a way of thinking and lifestyle. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS. There are certain obstacles to the formation of an ecological culture in Uzbekistan. Namely: Firstly, the level of ecological literacy of the population is low. No matter how much information is disseminated, if a person does not have a deep understanding of his impact on nature, he will not understand the consequences of his actions. Many citizens understand the importance of protecting nature, but they do not know how to put it into practice. For example, city dwellers may know what waste separation is, but this concept is not yet widespread in rural areas. Secondly, there is a lack of information, especially in rural areas. In rural areas, regular access to television, the Internet, and mass media is limited. This prevents people from getting up-to-date information about environmental 48 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference threats. For example, in one of the isolated villages of Kashkadarya region, farmers continue to use harmful pesticides on their crops. The reason is that they do not have enough information about modern bi