THE SPECIFICITY OF THE PORTRAIT GENRE IN WESTERN FINE ARTS

Аннотация

This article examines the history of the portrait genre, its role in Western visual art, the works of the Italian artist Titian, the artist Hans Holbein Jr., who entered the history of world art first as awell-known portraitist, andtheworks ofDiego Velazquez, known as aportrait master. Key words:philosopher, dramatist, temperament Portrait art has a history of several thousand years. In ancient Egypt, sculptors, although they did not deeply depict a person's inner feelings, but they accurately represented his external appearance. Greek masters, on the other hand, idealized the images of gods and mythical heroes, poets, philosophers and publicfigures, expressing their attitudetothe world ofbeauty in aplastic solution. For example, while ancient Greece produced lifeless portraits with facial expressions and gazes, Roman artists created images with clear character and psychological characteristics in a realisticstyle combined with decorativeness[3]. In the Middle Ages, religious and mythological images were created in European art, and some masters created psychologically accurate portraits. The most flourishing period of portrait art falls on the Renaissance. During this period, the glorification of the human personality was considered heroic. The great Italian painter, one of the greatest representatives of the Venetian school, Titian's work reflects the humanistic ideas of the Renaissance, and is distinguished by the multifaceted, wide- ranging coverage of life events in his life-giving art, and the deep revelation of the dramatic events of the era. His calm and joyful images are of particular importance for the brightness of life-giving emotions, inner radiance. In his individual and group portraits, he meticulously depicts his contemporaries, their traits such as self- confidence, pride, doubt, hypocrisy, and lies. Heruthlessly exposes the essence of the relationships of the depicted and the drama of the situation. He chooses a unique look, clothing, situation, composition, and background for each image. We can see it in his works such as "Ippolito Medici" (1532-33), "La bella" (ca. 1536), "Pope Paul III with Alessandro and Ottavio Farnese" (1545-46), "Charles V" (1548). The artist Hans Holbein Jr. entered the history of world art primarily as a famous portraitist. At the age of 21, Hans became a famous artist. The portrait of Charles de Moretta by Hans Holbein expresses page1617 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai strength, hidden energy, seriousness, and courage. His portraits are distinguished by their clarity, clarity, grandeur, and completeness of composition. Evropa rangtasvirida birinchi planga kamer, Hissiyyotli portretlar chiqdi va tantanaviy va rasmiy portretlar bilan qarama-qarshi qo'ydi, bunda tasvirlangan narsalarni ulug'lash va ko'kka ko'rish maqsadi ilgari surildi. The main theme of the Dutch painter Rembrandt and his paintings is man, his life, his inner spiritual world, the diversity of his feelings and experiences. Its sources are individuals with strong wills, spiritual wealth, and who maintain their human qualities even in difficult circumstances. Its striving to open its external spiritual world, its resistance to the spiritual power of light and shadow, and its resistance to the influence of color. "Paul theApostle" It not only serves the volumetric and spatial image of the image, but also became an important tool in increasing the effectiveness of the work. These features are visible in his one- figure "Apostle Paul" compositions. The work "Portrait of an Old Woman" clearly and effectively expresses the inner world of a person, the greatest virtues of humanity - kindness, generosity, humility and love, through the external appearance of an ordinary person. In this portrait, the artist did not focus only on the physical image, but through every detail he revealed the person's spiritual state, life experience and inner sense of celebration. The old woman's appearance, along with her physical difficulties and the traces of her past life, presents a person not as ordinary, but as someone with great moral wealth, worthy of great love and attention. The colorful range of psychological waves and personalities in Rembrandt's portraits uniquely expresses the inner world, personal characteristics, and life experiences of each person. He undoubtedly sought to show the emotions and inner world of individuals, rather than the usual idealization of the external "Portrait ofan OldLady" appearance of portraiture. For example, the imaginative, yet precise and realistic images in "Portrait of an Old Lady" demonstrate great human qualities - humility, patience, and kindness. The clinging little weight of the old woman, her loving and warm eyes, embody the social and spiritual value of her life experience. Even in Rembrandt's group portraits