METHOD OF DEVELOPING PRAGMATIC COMPETENCES IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING ENGLISH

Аннотация

This article is devoted tothestudy of methods for developing pragmatic competence in the process of learning English. Pragmatic competence refers to the ability of language users to effectively use language units in accordance with communicative situations. The article analyzes the essence of pragmatic competence, its components, and innovative methods that can be used in teaching English. In particular, methods such as role-playing games, the use of authentic materials, the development of intercultural communication, and context-based approaches are discussed. The article also highlights the dependence of pragmatic competence on linguistic and extralinguisticfactors and offers effective strategies for teachers and students. Keywords:pragmatic competence, English, communicative approach, authentic materials, intercultural communication, context-based education, language learning strategies. Introduction: In today's era of globalization, English is gaining importance as a means of international communication. No matter how high the linguistic knowledge of language learners, they cannot communicate effectively without pragmatic competence. Pragmatic competence is the ability to uselanguage units inaccordance with thesocial and cultural context, which plays adecisive role inthecorrect organization ofthecommunication process in real life. Developing pragmatic competence in the process of learning English requires that language learners pay attention not only to grammatical rules, but also to speech etiquette, intercultural differences and the dynamics of social relations. This ensures that language learners not only acquire knowledge based on traditional linguistic approaches, but also understand the connection between language and culture. This article aims to study various methods and approaches to developing pragmatic competence in learning English. In particular, innovative methods such as the communicative approach, role-playing, the use of authentic materials, the formation of intercultural dialogue and context-based learning are analyzed. It also examines the relationship between pragmatic competence and linguistic and extralinguistic factors, and suggests strategies that can be used in theeducational process toeffectively develop it. This study aims to contribute to a more effective and efficient language teaching process by highlighting advanced approaches to the development of pragmatic competence. The results ofthearticle may beuseful forEnglish language teachers, researchers, and languagelearners. Main part: Pragmatic competence is the ability of language users to correctly understand and apply speech acts in a social context. This competence includes the rules of speech etiquette, page1595 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai the rules of intercultural communication and the use of language units appropriate to the context. In order to communicate effectively in English, grammatical knowledge alone is not enough, but it is also necessary to understand pragmatic aspects. For example, pragmatic knowledge is required to understand please, thank you, apologize, give advice orsarcastic statements. Developing pragmatic competence in language learning helps language users understand cultural differences and prevents miscommunication. People who do not know pragmatic rules sometimes encounter misunderstandings in a foreign language environment, because each language has itsown social and cultural codes. The development of pragmatic competence can be carried out through various methods. The communicative approach is one of the most effective ways to develop pragmatic competence. This method teaches students to imitate real-life conversations and communicate appropriately in different situations.Teachers can usethefollowing techniques: Dialogue and conversation exercises – Students learn how to speak in different social situations; Interactive activities – Role-playing, discussions, debates and presentations are useful in developing pragmaticcompetence; Simulation – Students gain experience by creating communication situations that are closeto real life. Role-playing gives students the opportunity to practice how to respond in different social and cultural contexts. For example, students can practice scenarios for situations such as booking a hotel room, serving a customer, having an informal conversation with a friend or attending a formal meeting. Using materials that are close to real life is important for building pragmatic competence. The following authentic sources are recommended: Movies and TV series; Ted Talks and interviews; Podcasts and audio conversations; Social media conversations and comments; Letters and official documents. With the help of authentic materials, students will get acquainted with the pragmatic rules that apply in real