THE MANIFESTATION OF THE ARTISTIC FEATURES OF LITERARY POETICS IN GRAHAM GREENE’S “THE QUIET AMERICAN”

Аннотация

The purpose of this article is to express the manifestation of the artistic features of literary poetics inGraham Greene’s “TheQuiet American” Key words:poetics, symbols, metaphor, allegory, humanitarian, connection to real life. Annotatsiya: ushbu maqolaning maqsadi Grem Grinning “Sokin amerikalik” asarida badiiy asar poetikasi xususiyatlarini ochib berishdan iborat. Kalitso’zlar: poetika, ramzlar, metafora, allegoriya, insonparvarlik, hayot bilan bog’liqlik. Аннотация: Цель данной статьи заключается в раскрытии художественных особенностей поэтикипроизведения ГрэмаГрина“Тихийамериканец”. Ключевые слова: поэтика,символы,метафора,аллегория,гуманизм,связь сжизнью. Graham Greene is one of the most famous writers in English literature, and his works are rich in artistic styles and poetic elements. He often portrays complex human conditions by using dramatic structures, distinctive characters, symbols, and themes. Greene’s works, especially those that use specific artistic forms and poetic styles, are found in many places. Greene’s works blend both realistic and modernist elements in literature. His writing style is simple yet distinctive, often exploring psychological states, inner struggles, and philosophical issues. Through artistic poetics, his works depict the complexity of life, the inner world of humans, and human vulnerabilities. Greene’s works feature an important role for symbols and metaphors. These help provide a deeper understanding of key themes. In Greene’s literary works, poetic elements are employed in every section of his artistic creations. The following elements can be distinguished: 1. Allegory (Symbolism): Allegorical meanings and symbols in his works complement the maincontent ofhis works. 2. Psychological Portraits: Greene often portrays the inner world of his characters, showingtheir personal crises. 3. Deep Meaning Through Events and Situations: In poetic works, events are interconnected, reflecting thecharacters’ innerstruggles. Allegory (or Symbolism) is the art of expressing deeper, often moral, philosophical, or political ideas through certain images or events in a literary work. Allegory in a work can be represented through characters, events, or objects, which symbolize certain real-world events or ideas. That is, with allegory, seemingly simple events or situations in a work may transform into a depiction page1370 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai of another meaning or idea. In ‘The Quiet American,’ elements of allegory exist, and through them, Greene conveys political and moral ideas. In this novel, allegory illustrates not only political differences but also complex concepts of humanity, idealism, and truth. Below are some allegorical elements in thenovel: 1. Pyle and His Humanitarian Idealism (Allegory of American Politics): Pyle plays a clear allegorical role in the story. He embodies the idealistic and revolutionary approach of American politics. His desire to bring about ‘good’ in Vietnam is, in fact, an allegory of America’s idealistic approach, but it leads to disastrous consequences for people and nations. Pyle considers himself a helper, a humanitarian, and a bringer of goodness, but as shown in the novel, his actions ruin many lives. This reflects the idealistic yet disastrous sideofAmerican political decisions allegorically. 2. Vietnam and Its Symbolic Use (Allegory of War and Change): Vietnam itself is used as an allegory in the story. It is depicted as a symbol of war and conflicts, representing change. The conflict between Pyle and Fowler mirrors the political and moral conflicts in Vietnam. Vietnam’s tumultuous, unfinished, and uncertain circumstances allegorically depict theissues ofhuman and political reforms taking place there. 3. Fowler and His Inner Struggles (Allegory of Moral Choice): Fowler’s internal struggles become allegorical, as his difficulties in making moral decisions reflect a broader ethical dilemma. Fowler’s process of searching for himself amid romantic, political, and moral choices serves as an allegory for the decisions in life and their consequences. 4. Pyle and Fowler’s Conflict (Allegory of Good and Evil): the conflict between Pyle and Fowler allegorically represents the struggle between good and evil, idealism and realism. Pyle, with his firm idealistic beliefs, tries to enact ‘good’ in his fight against enemies, but Fowler’s realism and practical approach show the complexities of real life in his decisions. The element of ‘quiet’ in the title symbolizes Pyle’s American idealism and belief in peace. However, Greene reveals that this idealism is not aligned with the social realities and is marked by internal uncertainties, linking ‘quiet’ with broader political symbols related to America. In ‘The Quiet American,’ allegory plays a crucial role, through which Greene explores pol