Role of the quality of education in national economy of the republic of uzbekistan

Аннотация

Quality of education is acquiring primary importance as it is a central problem of education system throughout the world today. Growing 27 Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19) accessibility of higher education contributes to the development and activation of human resources of the country, rise of regions and realization of youth rights to higher education. Therefore, the article shows the reasons that reduce the quality of education, suggests ways to reform and improve a system of higher education in the republic. Keywords: quality of education, national economy, educational services, university, quality assessment, information technologies. Human resources development is the most important component of Economic Development Program of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Improving abilities, knowledge and life skills of labor force through higher education increases labor productivity, which, in its turn, accelerates the economic growth of the country. At present, it is necessary to introduce advanced information technologies into education, without which the development of digital economy is impossible [3]. As the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev emphasized in his Address to Oliy Majlis: “This year we should make radical turn in the development of digital economy and provide for the development of the program "Digital Uzbekistan - 2030 " [1]. It is aimed at increasing the potential of domestic ICT market, digital transformation of public services, creating favorable conditions for further development and elaboration of new information technologies and software products, developing human capital and improving personnel training and retraining in the sphere of information technologies [2]. Computers and means of communication are those technological advances that radically change all aspects of human life. The advent of information and communication technologies marks the entry of humanity into a new era [4]. At present, Uzbekistan attaches a particular importance to the quality of education. Therefore, a necessity to find ways to improve it gives an opportunity to increase the level of training highly qualified specialists. As a result of such research, the following reasons which decrease the quality of higher education were identified in the republic. 1. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, teaching staff has practically remained the same, some of them have left for the countries of near and far abroad. The proportion of new, young teachers remains low and due to the lack of teaching experience, they still do not have sufficient qualifications, which dramatically affects the quality of education. 2. The quality of education at the universities in the regions of the republic has always been low due to insufficient qualifications of faculty, material and technical and educational and methodological base, and as a result, incomparably shorter time for students to communicate with qualified teachers, lack of high-quality teaching tutorials and textbooks. The 28 Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19) increase in a number of students of branches and correspondence students is mainly explained by commercial interests of the universities of the republic. 3. Weak normative and legal support of the quality of education. In existing legislation there is no any definition of the quality of education. In Regulation on certification, certification refers to conformity of the quality of education to state educational standards (SES). However, state educational standards do not establish clear criteria and mechanisms for determining the quality of education. There is no single normative definition of the quality of education, which leads to the fact that everyone understands it in their own way. All it is a consequence of the fact that educational policy and educational system do not pay due attention to the problem of the quality of education. 4. An insufficiently high percentage of graduates possesses knowledge, skills and abilities which are required by present market living conditions and, first of all, the requirements of labor market. Many educational programs need to be adapted and directed to formation of systematic creative thinking, high information, innovation and digital culture. Many graduates do not yet have experience of teamwork, do not have skills to develop and implement real, practically important and significant projects, and use poorly the increased capabilities of new information technologies. 5. Ineffective system of intra-university education quality control. It means that students’ knowledge is assessed by same teachers who teach them. That is, in fact, they put marks on their own. Secondly, the existing system does not contribute to motivation of teachers, since material and moral encouragement, their career does not depend on quality of knowledge of the students they teach. Thirdly, each teacher has his own scale of education qua