Moral culture - the basis of moral life

Аннотация

In the article, man and his units are considered to be the creators and carriers of moral culture. There can be no moral life without a man. Therefore, attention is drawn to the fact that man and his units are the core of moral life, the main substantial element of moral culture that makes up the system, the creator, and carrier of moral culture from generation to generation. The article aims to identify and substantiate the objects of the formation of moral culture, the implementation of moral education processes. Keywords: man, morality, moral culture, substance, moral life, moral education. Ethical culture is a part of moral life created by processing to regulate social relations and educate people. It is the substance, that is, the basis of moral life. Substantial elements that make up moral culture as a substance consist of: firstly, man as a moral culture, secondly, the moral needs of human beings, thirdly, the moral consciousness that arises from the need to understand moral needs and includes moral goals, plans, etc., fourthly, a view of human creative activity is moral creativity, which is based on moral understanding and takes place in parallel with it, fifthly, the results of moral creativity are the teachings, the manners of behavior, the moral customs and institutions, sixthly, the application of the results of moral creativity in life. From the wholeness of the substantial elements that make up moral culture as a substance, a moral way of life, individual moral relations, moral tendencies, and behavior are formed. Hence, the six components of moral culture that make up the above system are the core, that is, the central part of moral life. Moral lifestyle, individual moral relations, moral tendencies, and behavior occur depending on the level of this central part of moral life. In this system, the first and main substantial element of moral culture is the 11 Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19) subject of human moral life, the second substantial element is the moral need and interest in the forms of moral life, the motive for its development and application, the gnoseological basis of moral consciousness, the creative existence of moral life. Also, the functions of the next mode of existence of moral life are the results of moral creativity, the source, and means of moral life. Moral creativity and the use of its results in life are manifested in two stages of human moral activity. Hence, the quality of moral life depends on the scale and level of moral culture. With the change of moral culture, moral life also changes and develops. But moral culture is the basis of the existence and development of society - an element of a whole cultural being. Because one of the four aspects of cultural existence, that is, part of it, is spiritual culture. And one of the six components of spiritual culture is moral culture. Moral culture is required in all spheres of social life and is based on their substantiality. Therefore, just as the whole has a predominance over parts and elements in general, moral culture is determined, firstly, by the basic cultural being of the existence and development of society, and secondly, by the levels of spiritual culture. Because cultural being is the core of society as a whole, including moral life. Moral culture is the manifestation of this cultural being in moral life. The priority of cultural existence in moral life is that it is manifested through moral culture. We now turn to the analysis of the main substantial element that makes up the system of moral culture. In this regard, we consider it necessary to cite the following points emphasized by scientists in the research work of B.Sh. Mamarasulov: "in all societies and at all stages of human development, at the heart of social change, man, radically different from other living beings in his consciousness and thinking, and performing purposeful activities is a subject of social life, " [1,12]. The word "man" means "Adam" in Arabic. The concept of "Adam" is also an Arabic word, meaning a living being who can think, speak, and work, and therefore is superior to all other creatures [2,520]. “From Adam and Eve, written in the book “Vatan tuyg’usi”, there must have been no one who did not love and was not loved. There must be no writer or poet who wrote about love. Man has two worlds. One is the material world, the other is spirituality. This is the main difference.” [3,54] In our opinion, spirituality is also divided into two: the positive spirituality that embraces humanity and the negative spirituality that embraces evil. "Humanity, - says S. Norkuziev, - is a moral norm, which means the work done within the boundaries of humanity, a virtue that suits man, adorns him, glorifies the person, a humane attitude to life and the fate of mankind" [4,40]. In our view, humanity has a broader meaning than this. 12 Scientific research results in pandemic conditions (COVID-19) It encompasses all moral virtue