INFORMATION AND ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF GENESIS AND FERTILITY

Аннотация

Генезис и плодородие почв обусловлены процессами трансформации, миграции и аккумуляции вещества, энергии и информации. Доказывается, что эти процессы определяют интенсивность развития подзолообразования в почвах, оголения, дерновогопроцесса. Показано, что на более окультуренных дерново-подзолистых почвах выгоднее выращивать, с энергетической точки зрения. Озимую пшеницу, на менее окультуренных – многолетние травы. На менее окультуренных почвах больше риск падения урожая при неблагоприятныхпогодных условиях. Предлагается информационную оценку проводить по уравнениям множественной корреляции. Доказывается, что информационно-энергетическая оценка почв необходима длякорректнойхарактеристикигенезисаи плодородия почв. Ключевые слова: почва,энергия,информация,генезиспочв,плодородие The aim of the study was the information and energy assessment of the genesis and fertility of soils. The objectives of the study included studying the influence of the energy state of soils on their properties, assessing the influence of the relationships between soil properties and their information characteristicsonthe properties, processes and regimes ofsoils. Research objects The objects of the study were sod-podzolic soils of the Moscow region and ordinary chernozems oftheKrasnodarTerritory (2, 3,4,6). The research methodology consisted of assessing the agrochemical and physicochemical properties of soils, their complexing capacity (1, 5), the rate of processes (9), the microbiological page1307 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai activity of soils (7), salinity (12) of the root zone of plants (11), and calculating the relationships between soilproperties (5, 8,10). Experimental part The genesis and fertility of soils are determined by the transformation, migration and accumulation of matter, energy and information. In this case, the degree of influence of individual factors on the rock, the duration of their influence and the sequence of influence with themanifestation ofsynergistic and antagonisticeffects are of great importance. From our point of view, additional factors of soil formation are the geophysical fields of the Earth and themicrobiological activity of soils.In this case, the influence ofsoil formation factors on the rock is determined by the intensity of their impact, duration, sequence of impact of individual factors with the manifestation of synergistic and antagonistic effects. In all cases, the processes of soil genesis and evolution involve transformation, migration and accumulation of matter, energy and information. Energy assessment ofsoil genesis andfertility All processes occurring in agrocenosis and biogeocenosis occur with transformation, migration and accumulation of matter, energy and information. They determine changes in soil properties, processes and regimes occurring in soils. Simultaneously, processes with accumulation of substance, energy and information and theirloss occur in different parts of thesystem. At the same time, in accordance with the Delgado principle, any reaction is accompanied by absorption and release of substance, energy and information. Some components of water-soluble organic substances decompose, others absorb the released components of substance, energy and information and complicate theirstructure. For all components of biogeocenosis, there are minimum permissible quantities and states of substance, energy and information for their development, optimal and maximum permissible. Theirtransformation, migrationand accumulation are closely interconnected. The accumulation of energy in the soil, in humus, in microflora and in phytomass depends on the cultivated crop and soil fertility. This is confirmed bythedatain thefollowing table. Table1 Energy capacity of humus and productivity of field crops on sod-podzolic soils depending on the degree oftheir cultivation Culture Option Humus, million Energy intensity of kcal/ha phytomass, million kcal/ha winter wheat ОК 209 22,8 1 perennial grasses ОК 270 41,2 3 ОК 210 37,7 1 ОК 283 60,9 3 As can be seen from the presented data, the energy capacity of the phyto mass is significantly higherunder grasses than under winter wheat, both onpoorly cultivated and well-cultivated soils. The energy capacity of the phyto mass of cultivated plants often correlates with the energy capacity of humus, the mineralogical composition of soils and is inversely proportional to the amountof energy that plantsmust expend to achieve theplanned bio-productivity. The absorption of energy in the soil and the accumulation of energy in the yield of individual crops, i.e. theprofitability of growing individual crops, depend onthe cultivation ofthe soil. This isillustrated bythedata in thefollowingtable. Table2 page1308 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 American