NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION IN MASS MEDIA

Аннотация

The article discusses nonverbal means used in the communication process, their role and function. It is also argued on the basis of examples that in communicative situations, nonverbal means, together withlinguistic units,give additional meaning to speech. Keywords:communicative act, nonverbal means, semantization, prosody, kinesics. The way a person directs his speech in conjunction with certain actions and these actions acquire a specific meaning has always been of equal interest to psychologists, sociologists and linguists and has become the object of their research. Initially, psychologists called nonverbal means “Expressive actions” and studied them in the context of the emotional sphere under the rubric “Expressive behavior”. They emphasize that this was prompted by Ch. Darwin’s work “The Transformation of Emotions in Man and Animals”. Russian psychologists, on the other hand, evaluate “Expressive actions” from the perspective of social and personal factors as nonverbal behavior (behavior), nonverbal communication. In the forties of the 20th century, psychologist S.L. Rubinstein, commenting on expressive actions, emphasized that “Expressive actions to a certain extent interfere with speech and become a tool for conveying a message and influencing” 2 . Because nonverbal means are a specific object of perception, and from its elements it is possible to find answers to questions such as: What does it express? How does it express? Why does it express? That is, if it is known from the speaker's speech what he is saying, then from his actions in the process of expressing this speech it is clear how he is saying it. After all, in communicative situations, nonverbal means that come mixed into the addressee's speech, together with linguistic units, add additional meaning to the speech. In other words, psychologists recognize that by perceiving, recognizing, andinterpreting nonverbal means, itis possibletoread theirspecific semanticization. It is precisely this specific semanticization of nonverbal means that has always attracted paralinguists, extralinguists, psycholinguists, and sociolinguists and has given risetoanumber of studies in linguistics. Although the place, role, meaning, and features of use of nonverbal means in the communicative act have been thoroughly studied by a number of philosophers, psychologists, sociologists, and linguists, the aspects related to the social function of society: profession, craft, are still awaiting their study. Therefore, in revealing the specific features of the communicative behavior of people of various professions, we paid attention to how and how they use nonverbal means that occupy a certain place in this communicative behavior, and to the specific semanticizationsthat are understood from them. At this point, it is necessary to briefly dwell on the categories and types of nonverbal means used in communication. Russian psychologist V.A. Labunskaya, in her work “Nonverbal Behavior,” divides nonverbal means performed by people in a communicative act into categories, types, components, and elements. According to her, nonverbal means are initially divided into categories such as extralinguistics, prosody, kinesics, and taketics. The categories, in turn, are page1284 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai divided into types, namely extralinguistics - types such as pauses, coughs, sighs, laughter, and crying; prosody - types such as pronunciation, voice, tempo, timbre; kinesics - types such as expression, nonverbal movements, and eye gaze; taketics are divided into types such as static anddynamiccollisions,and they, in turn, are divided into components andelements. “Speakers use paralinguistic means that are complementary to and complement speech activity involuntarily. Therefore, it is difficult to control facial expressions, body movements, and gestures and “deceive” them with their help,” says theGerman linguist B. Sinovac. Based on the scientist’s opinion, it can be said that paralinguistic means express the speaker’s communicativepositionand hismode. This can befound inall stylistic forms ofspeech. In general, nonverbal means have been considered as an additional expressive coloring of speech, and scientists have been dealing with this problem for a long time. After all, nonverbal means show the inner world of the addressee. That is, they are an external manifestation of the inner spiritual world of a person. In other words, nonverbal means can be considered an image, a picture of speech. Consequently, nonverbal means perform the social regulatory function of speech in addition to speech introduced during communication. However, "during aconversation, people express only 7 percent of the thought they want to convey through words, the remaining 38percent through intonation, and 55percent through gestures." Whil