ON THE ISSUES OF THE THEORY OF PSYCHOLOGISM IN LITERARY STUDIES

Аннотация

This article discusses the issue of artistic psychologism in literary studies, the author's skill in creating a psychological image, thecomplex and incomprehensible aspects ofthe human psyche, the endless spiritual storms through words and their impact on human life, using thetheoreticalviews ofliterary scholars as anexample Keywords: plot, psychological image, style, state of mind, artistic psychologism, interpretation, analysis, story, genre, art, character. In fiction, the character of a person, his entire world, his aesthetic world are described. The creator's purpose in giving an image of the state of mind in the work is also to make the reader attractive by making an aesthetic assessment of the logical problem posed. The presence of the issue of the psyche in fiction, from one roof, reflects the creative individual potential of the writer, onthe otherhand, covers various ideological-social and philosophical problems in itself. That being said, when we look at the activities of World creators, it becomes clear that they, especially Romanesque creators, bring to the fore not social problems, but the human psyche. Because the perception of the human spiritual world leads to the realization of the social state as well. A scientist who made an outstanding contribution to the development of psychologism in world literature Z.Freud's services are particularly admired. His views expanded into fields such as medicine, psychology, but also art, fiction. Z.In his research, Freud advances the idea that the inner world is a multilevel phenomenon, that it is a difficult process to exert conscious and unconscious mental influence on it. Adib N.Eshonqul: "it is important that hidden sensations, experiences lying under the mind, Z.Told Freud everything about the man. In fact, these senses were symbols of the study of Man " [1; 38]. Z.Freud's views of this kind formed the basis for the discovery ofMan andhis botinian universe at that time. M.M.As girshman points out, each of the psychological image forms has a different cognitive, visual and expressive ability[2;159]. For example, stories about the inner life of the hero are carried out by both the first and third person. It should be said that the story of the first person brings the illusion of probability of a psychological image, since the hero often talks about himself in this. This psychological first story increases the character of trust. This method is usually used when there is one protagonist of the story. For example, a number of stories of the writer Ulugbek Hamdam are told from the language of the author himself. ("Journey", "Tourist",....) In the third person narrative, however, there are norestrictions. That is, the author is able to draw from the heroic language his entire spiritual world completely and vividly. In other words, for the author, there is no mystery in the heart of the hero, he knows all the information about himself,experiments. Impressions realizetheconnection between problems. page1245 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05, issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai In the late 20th century, interest in the study of psychologism increased and began to be studied as an object of Special Studies. The 70s of the 20th century and beyond began to open the edges ofpsychologism in research. The main object of fiction is man. So in all periods. Because a person is a being that changes every time and evolves into a turf Achilles. No matter what period lives in time, it does not lose its relevance. The question of understanding and researching the human spiritual world dates back to ancient times. At the same time, the term psyche is formed from the word “spirit”, which scientists interpret differently. I have not yet come to a single stop in this regard. In particular, the”Koran karim “says of the soul: "(o Muhammad), you are asked about the Soul-Soul. Say, " the spirit is one of the things My Lord alone knows." You have been given little knowledge. Note: This verse states that Allah has works that he did not even inform his prophets, and states that there is very little knowledge and enlightenment that all mankind can know”[3;323]. This verse in spirit-soul is also reflected in the worldly world. The human spiritual world is interpreted and analyzed onthebasis of thisverse. In literary studies, too, a numberof studies have been carried out onthe humanpsyche, a number of opinions are shared. In particular, the Russian psychologist scientist L.S.In his work “psychology ofArt”,vigotovsky writes: “itwill benecessary to mention thebolask –psychology, which names the border that divides all currents of modern aesthetics into two major directions. It will be necessary to mention the Iko area of modern aesthetics – psychology. Two areas of modern aesthetics are psychological and non – psychological-covering all important aspects of th