TILLAGE IMPLEMENTS FOR MELON CULTIVATION UNDER THE FILM

Аннотация

The aim of the study is to develop a machine for preparing the soil for sowing melons under a tunnel film. The authors have developed a machine for preparing the soil for sowing melons under a tunnel film, which is equipped with deep- diggers with an inclined stand of the "paraglaw" type, a furrow maker and rotary working bodies. When using the developed machine for preparing the soil for sowing melons under the film, the direct cost of processing one hectare of area is reduced by 32.4%. 1.Introduction Navadays, the preparation of fields for sowing melons, consisting of plowing, harrowing and cutting of irrigation furrows, is carried out by separate units, which in turn leads to the lossofsoil moisture, delaying thesowing period and increasing operating costs [1-7]. Research on the creation of machines for preparing the soil for sowing melons, justification and improvement of technological processes of their working bodies and parameters were carried out by F. M. Mamatov [1-4], D. Sh. Chuyanov [5], V. G. Abezin [28], Kh. Fayzullaev [6-7] and others. However, in these studies, the issues of substantiating the parameters of the working bodies of a combined machine for sowing melons under a closed tunnel film, which ensure high qualityof work with minimalenergyconsumption, are not sufficiently studied. From the analysis of the research, we came to the following conclusions that the reduction of fuel consumption and other costs, as well as harmful effects on the soil of agricultural tools, can beachieved by using tillage tools that perform all technological processes (loosening the soil to a given depth, leveling its surface part, compaction and cutting furrows) of preparing the soil for sowingmelons under thefilm inone pass oftheunit across thefield. The purpose of the study is to develop a tillage tool for preparing the soil for sowing melons underafilm. 2.Methods andresults The authors developed a tillage tool based on a non-shaft working bodies of the "paraplau" type, designed to prepare the soil for sowing melons under the film. Combined machine (Fig. 1) frame 1 and mounted suspension 2, support wheels 3, axle claw 4, right and left pair of pits 5 and 6, bearing 7, parallelogram mechanism 8, rotary worker The organ consists of 9. The combined http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass 773 Volume15Issue03, March2025 Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023: 6.995, 2024 7.75 machineis aggregated with Class 2tractors. The frame is fixed to the frame by means of an axial claw, recesses and a clamp (fixed), the rotating working body is hinged (movable) by means of parallelogram mechanisms. During the work, the claw softens the middle part of the cultivated strip to a depth of 10-12 cm and a width of 26 cm, the dredgers soften the planting zones, the ditch forms an irrigation ditch, and the rotary dredgers create a seed or seedling line. It softens the top of the ridges and forms a soft layer onit. The machine prepares the entire tunnel for planting with a closed tunnel in one pass through the field. To study the transverse and longitudinal distance between the deep dredgers, as well as the working speed on their traction resistance and the degree of soil crumbling, multivariate experimentswere conducted using mathematical planning ofexperiments. The multivariate experiments were conducted according to the Hartley – 4 plan. At the same time, the main factors were selected as the longitudinal (Х ), and transverse (Х ) distance 1 2 between the deep reclaimers, the depth of processing (Х ) of the deep reclaimers, as well as the 3 speed of theunit(Х ). 4 Fig.1.Constructivescheme of thetillage tool (viewfrom above): 1–frame; 2–hanging device; 3–base wheels; 4–story claw; http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass 774 Volume15Issue03, March2025 Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023: 6.995, 2024 7.75 5and6– left and right pits;7–drain; 8–parallel mechanism; 9–rotary working body. The degree of soil crumbling (Y ), i.e. the amount of fraction less than 50 mm in size and the 1 traction resistance (Y )ofdeep-diggers were used as evaluation criteria. 2 The data of the obtained multivariate experiments were processed according to the PLANEX program. At the same time, the Cohren criterion was used to estimate the variance of adequacy, the Student criterion was used to estimate the values of the coefficients, and the Fisher criterion was used to evaluate theadequacy ofregression models. The experimental results were processed according to the specified procedure and the following regression equations were obtained that adequately describe the evaluation criteria: by the degree ofsoilcrumbling (%): Y = 82,5+5,5 X -2,96X -0,92X +5,1 X -2,718X 2+ 1 1 2 3 4 1 +1,562X X +1,121X X +1,715 X 2-0,471 X X --2,813 X X -2,518 X 2+0,965 X 2; 1 2 1 4 2 2 3 2 4 3 4 (1) -according to thespecifictraction resistance ofthe deeploader (кN) : Y = 6,467-1,122 X -0