LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN HUMAN COGNITION AND ITS MECHANISMS OF UNDERSTANDING

Аннотация

This article explores the role of language in human cognition and its relationship with cognitive sciences. The intersection of linguistics and cognitive sciences is a key topic in modern research, as it plays a crucial role in understanding how the human brain forms and utilizes language. The study analyzes the influence of language on thinking, theories of linguistic relativity and determinism, as well as the positive effects of bilingualism on cognitive processes. Additionally, recent approaches to language learning and comprehension through artificial intelligence technologies are examined. This article contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between linguistics and neuropsychology and provides valuable insights on an international scale. Keywords: Linguistics, cognitive sciences, language and cognition, linguistic relativity, bilingualism, neuropsychology, artificial intelligence The relationship between language and cognitive sciences has become one of the central themes of scientific research in recent years. Language is the primary tool that distinguishes humanity from other living beings, serving not only as a means of communication but also as a mechanism forthinking, imagination, and information storage. The study of language from the perspective of cognitive sciences aims to answer the following questions: How is language formed in the human brain and cognition? What is the relationship between language and thought? How are artificial intelligence and human language comprehension mechanisms evolving? This article presents theoretical and empirical research findings aimed at understanding the impact oflanguage onhuman cognition. Theoretical Foundations The interconnection between language and cognition has been a focal point of scientific inquiry for centuries. According to the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis, individuals perceive the world through theconstraints imposed bytheirnativelanguage. Thishypothesis is basedontwo main principles: http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass 392 Volume15Issue03, March2025 Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023: 6.995, 2024 7.75 Linguistic determinism: Language defines human thoughts and shapes their worldview. Linguisticrelativity: Peoplewho speak different languages perceivethe world differently. For instance, in Eskimo languages, there are dozens of words for different types of snow, whereas in English, they are collectively referred to as "snow." This phenomenon demonstrates howlanguage can bothlimitand enrich our perception ofreality. Psycholinguistics andneuropsychology Psycholinguistics examines how language affects human cognition and behavior. Studies on Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas of the brain have shown their crucial role in language production andcomprehension: Broca’s area – responsible for grammar processing and sentence formation. Wernicke’s area – responsibleforsemantic analysis and comprehension. Disruptionsinthesebrain regions significantly impact a person’s communication abilities. Empirical research and findings 1.Therelationship between language and thought An experiment was conducted to study cognitive processing by presenting mathematical problems indifferent languages.