NEW TYPES OF TOURISM SUCH AS ECO-TOURISM, CULTURAL TOURISM, MEDICAL TOURISM, GASTRONOMIC TOURISM AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

Аннотация

This article discusses the development prospects of new trends in the field of tourism, namely eco-tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and gastronomic tourism. The article examines in detail the definition, specific features and development opportunities of each type of tourism. It is noted that eco-tourism is focused on nature conservation and supporting local communities, cultural tourism is based on interest in cultural heritage and historical sites, medical tourism is focused on obtaining quality and affordable medical services, and gastronomic tourism is based on interest in food and beverages. The article also discusses the development prospects of each type of tourism, namely eco-tourism, which is growing in popularity due to increased interest in climate change and environmental protection, cultural tourism, which is growing in popularity due to increased interest in cultural heritage, medical tourism, which is growing in popularity due to increased demand for quality and affordable medical services, and gastronomic tourism, which is growing in popularity due to increased interest in food and beverages . The article also discusses how these new types of tourism can help countries achieve economic development, create jobs , and support local communities. Keywords: Tourism, Eco-tourism, Cultural tourism, Medical tourism, Gastronomic tourism, Development prospects, Climate change, Environmental protection, Cultural heritage, Medical services, Food, Beverages, Economic development, Jobs, Local communities. The initial period of tourism development in Uzbekistan mainly falls on the first quarter of the last century . In 1925–1930, a special tourist society, the Workers' and Peasants' Tourism Organization, was established under the Central Council of Trade Unions. This society was mainly engaged in organizing trips (excursions) of workers to various cities, introducing students to historical monuments , and studying the country . It also organized practical activities such as mass walks, skiing, and cycling in the suburbs on weekends. Their main goal was physical training, increasing labor activity,and preparing for defense work. The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Tourism, adopted by the Legislative Chamber on April 16, 2019, and approved by the Senate on June 21, 2019, contains general provisions 1on tourism. It includes all opportunities for tourism, general provisions, regulation of the tourism sector, tourism industry, tourist zones and tourist clusters , conditions for carrying out activities in the tourism sector , rights and obligations of tour operators and travel agents, tourists and excursionists, guides (guide-interpreters), excursion leaders and tour guides, ensuring safe tourism, and final provisions . Sustainable tourism is becoming increasingly important for countries around the world as a means of promoting economic growth while protecting natural and cultural resources. This thesis examines the prospects for sustainable tourism development in Uzbekistan by analyzing the country’s existing tourism industry, the assets that support sustainable tourism, and potential challenges. A mixed methods approach was used, including a review of academic literature and industry reports, as well as interviews with tourism experts in Uzbekistan. The results show that Uzbekistan has significant cultural and natural attractions that could serve as the basis for a thriving sustainable tourism sector. 1https://lex.uz/docs/-4428097?ONDATE=14.05.2024%2000#-4428916 357 INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SJIF2019:5.2222020:5.5522021:5.6372022:5.4792023:6.5632024:7,805 eISSN:2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume12,issue03(2025) However, a number of obstacles need to be addressed, including improving infrastructure, developing tourism management capacity , and increasing investment. With a strategic focus on community and ecotourism, Uzbekistan has strong potential to leverage its rich heritage and landscapes for sustainable tourism development. This thesis examines various challenges and achievements related to sustainable tourism in foreign countries , highlighting both successful initiatives and ongoing challenges. During 2010-2017, the volume of tourism services exports doubled and amounted to 546.9 million US dollars in 2017, and -1,041 million US dollars in 2018. Until 2016, the average annual growth rate of the number of foreign visitors was 8 percent, and in 2017 - 7 percent, exceeding 2.69 million people. It was reported that 5.3 million foreign touristsvisited the republicat theend of2018, and as a result of measures taken to support and protect the private sector, the number of tourism organizations, which were established in 2015, increased from 398 to 950 by the end of 2018, and thenumber ofhotel establishments increased from -661 to900. The tourismindustry, once limited to sunnybeaches and trips to historical sites, is nowundergoing a wave