THE ATLAS OF UZBEKS - THE MASTERPIECE OF UZBEKS

Аннотация

Our national fabric, satin, is a product made from natural silk and is also important for human health. All products made from natural silk are among the most competitive in the world, including satinfabric. Keywords:Atlas, adras, silk, national fabric, abr, khan-atlas, clothing, fiber, thread, patterns, flowers, weaving, handicrafts, cotton, arkog thread, colors. When we say Atlas, we imagine a rainbow of different colors, a fabric that sparkles, shines, dazzles, attracts attention, and captivates in an instant. In fact, I think that our high assessment of this fabric and the definitions given above are very few. Because none of the countries in the world has such an antique ATLAS fabric. Only in our sunny Uzbekistan, it was first woven bytheKokand Khan Khudoyorkhan. It is known from ancient history that in our country, silk fabrics were produced from high-quality fabrics, which were incomparable in beauty. These fabrics were taken by merchants from the early Middle Ages to all the countries of the East, from China to the ancient Transoxiana, along the Great Silk Road, and gained fame. According to the information of the 10th-century historians - Narshahi, Maqsudi and other historians - about the fame of fabrics produced in Bukhara and Samarkand, our local fabrics were in demand in Baghdad, Khorasan, Syria, Byzantium, and Egypt. Fabric production was associated with the life of the people, based on crafts, and its historical fate. In the middle of the 19th century, various types of high-quality fabrics were produced in Bukhara, Margilan, Namangan, Samarkand, Shahrisabz, and Khujand. The Atlas of Uzbeks serves as both a geographical and historical guide to the lands once known as the heart of the ancient Silk Road. The land, rich with ancient cities like Samarkand, Bukhara, and Khiva, has long been a cultural crossroads. As a country that has witnessed the rise and fall of empires, the atlas offers a bird's-eye view of how these regions have transformed over the centuries. One of the most striking aspects of this masterpiece is the seamless blend of modern and ancient cartography. From the early settlements of the Persian Empire to the time of the Timurids and the Uzbek Khanates, the atlas not only showcases the geographic boundaries but also traces the movements and cultural influences that shaped the Uzbek people. Its intricate maps tell stories of conquest, trade, migration, and the continuous dialogue between East and Westthat has defined Uzbekistan's place inworld history. Uzbekistan, the Fergana Valley holds a special place in the production of national silk fabrics. The cities ofMargilan and Namangan are arich source of silkweaving traditions. page1136 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai The name and types of Margilan satin became known and famous in seven climates. The city was called the "City of Silk". First of all, if we turn to the history of satin weaving, which is an ancient occupation of the city's people, it is known that silk production has been developed in Margilan since ancient times. One of our historians wrote about this: "It is worth paying the entirelandtax of Bukharafor a singlecurtain woven in Margilan." Indeed, our silk workers have long exhibited their fabrics around the world. The most attractive, mostcharming fabric ofthefinished product madefrom silkis satin. Atlas is a soft, single-faced fabric woven from natural silk, with a smooth, non-woven texture anddecorated withcolorful patterns using theabr technique. There is a legend that the master who first wove the atlas took the patterns from the different reflections of the clouds on the horizon at sunset. That is why in ancient times, atlas and adras fabrics were called "Abr" fabrics. After all, theword "Abr" isPersian and means cloud. The origin of abr patterns is explained in the legends of Central Asian folklore. One legend says that abr patterns were first created as an imitation of the reflection of clouds in the sky on the surface of a pond. Another legend compares them to the spreading of oil spilled into a pond and the color of a rainbow. Depending on the type of weaving, abr fabrics are divided into 2groups: adras and atlas. Atlas is woven from natural silk. In adras, tanda thread is made from silk, and arkog thread is made from cotton thread. According to the master from Margilan, Mirzokirov, in 1856, atlases were first woven by order of the Khan of Kokand, Khudoyorkhan. That is why they are called "khan-atlas". To this day, atlases are called by different names. The names are based on the composition of the weaver. For example, they are called Anorgul, Kiprik, Chumoli, Tumorcha, Kosagul, Sirga, Tomchi and others. Uzbekistan's art and architecture stand as a testament to its long and storied past. The Atlas showcases some of the most iconic examples of Uzb