THE EFFECT OF SOIL TILING METHODS AND THE USE OF HERBICIDES ON WEEDS FOUND IN AREAS OF POTATO CULTIVATION AS A REPRODUCTIVE CROP

Аннотация

When the soil is mainly cultivated with a two-tier plow to a depth of 28-30 cm, and Dafosat herbicide is applied at a rate of 4.0 kg/ha along with sowing against weeds, and Ridovn Xtra 75% herbicide is applied at a rate of 2.0 kg when 2-3 true leaves appear, weeds sharply decrease, creating favorable conditions forgood growth anddevelopment ofcultivated plants. Keywords:agriculture, potato, yield, herbicides, growth and development, weeds, area Introduction. Among agricultural crops, potatoes are considered the daily food product consumed by the population. Therefore, it is grown annually in the world on an area of 18-19 million hectares, yielding 3.1-3.3 million tons. In world agriculture, it is the second largest agricultural crop after wheat, rice, and corn in terms of area, and in terms of importance, it is used to prepare morethan 500different dishes. Potatoes are considered the second bread among the population due to their high consumption. One of the main reasons for this is that potato tubers are rich in nutrients necessary forthehuman body-starch, protein, sugar, fiber, various vitamins,andmineral elements. Among the European, Asian, North American, South American, African, and Oceanian continents growing potatoes in the world, the countries of the European continent are in first place, and in terms of potato cultivation - the sown area is 9145 thousand hectares, and the gross harvest is 138.2million tons. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), global potato production could double within 10 years, making a significant contribution to global food security. By focusing on increasing yields and fully utilizing historical potato fields, global production could reach 500 million tons by 2025 and 750 million tons by 2030. (FAO report 2023). In Uzbekistan, potatoes have been grown mainly for food purposes for 160 years. Potatoesare grown byfarmers, agricultural clusters, andhousehold plots. Population growth, limited land and water resources used in agriculture. Therefore, inour country, with the rational use of opportunities, in order to provide the population with high- quality food products and develop product exports, great attention is paid to sowing repeated crops inareas freed from grain. In order to develop this industry, the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated May 6, 2020 No. PP-4704 "On measures to expand potato cultivation and further develop seed production in the republic" was adopted. In accordance with the resolution, special attention is paid to increasing the production of consumer and seed potatoes in the page1091 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai country, expanding cluster and cooperation mechanisms in thefield of potato growing, creating a value-added chain in the industry based on modern technologies, meeting the demand of the domestic market, expanding its exports, growing super-elite and elite generations of seed potatoes on 50 percent of sown areas, and widely introducing advanced technologies, innovative solutions, and scientificachievements. The aim of the research is to improve integrated control measures against weeds on potatoes planted as arepeated crop intheconditions ofmeadow-saz soilsof theFergana region. The scientific novelty of the research is as follows: for the first time, the influence of combined weed control on weeds in potato fields planted as a repeated crop in the conditions of meadow-bog soils ofthe Fergana region has been determined; The influence of combined weed control on the agrophysical, water-physical, and agrochemical properties of the soil in potato fields sown as a repeated crop is determined;When cultivating potatoes grown as a repeated crop, various methods of soil cultivation and the application of herbicides have a positive effect on the growth, development, yield, and quality indicators ofpotatoes; the economic effectiveness of herbicides used in combination with methods of soil cultivation against weeds in potato fields planted as a repeated crop in the cultivation of potatoes is explained. EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM ANDMETHODSOFITS CONDUCT Field experiments will be conducted in the conditions of meadow-saz soils of the Fergana region in 2024-2026. The soil of the experimental plot has a medium loamy mechanical composition,is long-irrigated, non-saline, thegroundwater level is at adepth of 4-5 meters. Experimental system Potatoes(2024-2026) Method of soil Herbicide Herbicide rate, Name ofherbicides cultivation application period g, kg/ha 1 - - Control,herbicide-free 2 4,0kg Plowing to a depth of Standard Along with sowing 28-30 cm with a 3 RidovnXtra 75%, When 2-3 true 2,0kg regular plow leaves appear 4 Dolfuron 25% 30g In bloom 5 - Control,herbicide-free 6 Plowing with a two- Along with sowing 4,0kg Standard tier plow