BLUE PAGES OF HEAVEN: ULUGBEK MIRZO AND THE SCIENCE OF ASTRONOMY THAT STRETCHES BACK CENTURIES

Аннотация

This article covers the life,scientific activity and historical heritage of the great scientist and statesman ofthe medieval East Mirzo Ulugbek.As amajor statesman of the Timurid state,he not only elevated science and culture in Samarkand, but also made important discoveries in the fields of astronomy and mathematics.The “Ziji Koragon” catalog he created in his observatory had a great influence on astronomy around the world, and his monument is still remembered with honortoday. Keywords:Mirzo Ulugbek, Timurians, astronomy Samarkand Observatory, Ziji jadidi Koragani, mathematics, trigonometric tables, medieval, scientific heritage night sky storyteller:Mirzo Ulugbek and his scientificheritage. Content ofthe article: Ulugbek Mirzo from an early age had a great interest in astronomy and mathematics. He built a huge observatory in Samarkand, where he made astronomical observations with people of science such as Ghiyosiddin al-Koshiy, Rumiy in Kazizo, and Ali Qushchi. The Observatory consisted of a quadrant in a 40-meter radius of the time, a three-story structure equipped with other measuring instruments. The star chart that Ulugbek created,” Ziji jadidi Koragani", with the accuracy in it, was an unparalleled work of the time and is also widely recognized in modern scientific observations. His astronomical calculations have very close results with the present, as evidenced by the deep scientific knowledge of the great scientist. The article may also highlight Ulughbeck's love of Science and the educational approach given to young people. He founded the school of scientists, which turned Samarkand into a center of Science and had a huge impact on Eastern culture on a global scale. One of Ulugbek's greatest legacies in his scientific career is his observatory in Samarkand.The observatory, built in the 1420s,was unparalleled for its time and was equipped with all the equipment necessary to make astronomical observations.The Observatory provided observations of the position of stars, the motion of the sun, moon, and other celestial bodies. The Observatory allowed Ulugbek and his team to collect the most accurate astronomical data of the world. ” Ziji jadidi Koragani " – creation of a catalog of stars Mirzo Ulugbek's largest work is the” Ziji jadidi Koragoni " (new table of Koragny), a catalogue of 1,018 stars whose positions, luminosity, and other characteristics are reflected.This catalogue is the most accurate astronomical work of its time and has not lost its significance in the following centuries."Ziji jadidi Koragani" is considered the peak of 15th-century astronomy, and through it a new stage has been reached in the history of Oriental astronomy.The work reached Europein the16th century and influenced European astronomy as well. page752 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Achievements in mathematics and trigonometry Mirzo Ulugbek was not limited to astronomy, but also did important work in the fields of mathematics and trigonometry. He created trigonometric tables and achieved great relevance in calculating the values of SYN and cosine with high accuracy. It is especially famous for its very accurate calculation of the sine of an arc of 1 degree. These trigonometric tables formed the basis for further developments in astronomy and mathematics, and were also widely used by other scientists. With the migration of Ulugbek Mirza's father Shohrukh to Samarkand, Ulugbek grew up in this scientific and Cultural Center.From an early age,he was interested in Science,sought to gain deep knowledge in various disciplines,and took akeen interest in mathematics, astronomy.He also had extensiveknowledge of fiqh,history,literature and art. Mirzo Ulugbek's life devoted to science and works such as "Ziji Jadidi Koragani" occupy an important place in the history of modern science. The scientific heritage of this great scientist clearly expresses the height of medieval eastern astronomy and the influence it exerted on Western scientists. Through his scientific research, Ulugbek expanded not onlythemovement of stars, but also thehuman understanding oftheuniverse. Ulugbek had the most accurate astronomical measurements of his time. He was responsible for determining the motion of planets and the position of stars through the astronomical table "Ziji Koragani", created at the Observatory in Samarkand. Ulughbeck's tables are consistent, even with some of the accuracy requirements of the present era. Updating the "Almagest"in his time: Ulughbek studied Ptolemy's Almagest, a popular work of the time, from which he produced his "Ziji The Seagull" with many new clarifications. This table included the coordinates and directions of motion of 1,018 stars, making it the largest dataset of stars at the time. Ulugbek paid great attention not onlyto astronomy, but also to mathematic