The role of the convergent processes in the formation of the Hungarian language

Аннотация

The present article examines the problem of the role and place of the major historical process called the Great Migration of Peoples, which took place in Europe in the 2nd-10th centuries, in the formation of the Hungarian language. The problem is very relevant and interesting due to the fact that, being on the territory of Eastern Europe, the Hungarian people created a state in the very heart of Western Europe, forming the so-called “language island” in the center of a huge territory inhabited by Indo-European peoples. The author analyzes this problem using the etymology of Hungarian words and comparing them with the material of ancient Turkic languages. Keywords: Hungarians, Magyars, Huns, Turkic peoples, nomadic tribes, substrate, Bulgars, Khazars, Kipchaks, Christianity, Orthodox Church. happening around them. In the same context, the Introduction: The rapid disintegration of the Hunnic peoples who settled the territory of Hungary displaced state was facilitated by a number of factors. The the Hunnic language and established the dominance of Romans, who were closely monitoring this, developed their own language. However, since the local a strategy aimed at preserving the territories they population spoke the Hunnic language since the 5th– occupied, no longer focusing on Rome as the center, 6th centuries, many Hunnic words entered the but concentrating on preserving the Roman Hungarian language as a substrate element. Having characteristics of the Romanized population in these settled well in the new territory, the Hungarians remote regions, thereby preserving and developing created an economy, political system, economy, Latin and the newly emerging Romance languages, religion, law, army, culture and other social institutions Roman culture and the corresponding sects of in accordance with the standards of the new Christianity in the peripheral regions, and developed civilization, and this state has existed since the 10th corresponding tactical moves. These measures did not century to the present day. Historically, the Hungarians fail to bear fruit. In the 6th-13th centuries, the are a Finno-Ugric people who settled along the territorial expansionist tendencies of the Germans and northern coast of the Black Sea from the east, from Celts ceased. The Huns remained only in a small Central Asia, around the 8th century. In the second half territory - in Hungary. The Romans, on the other hand, of the 10th century, they conquered the former managed to create states on the territory of the former Pannonia, where they transformed from a nomadic colonies and strengthen them in all respects. In the people into a sedentary people and founded a state same context, from the east, the Magyar tribes, between the Tisza and the Danube called Hungary. [4] belonging to the Finno-Ugric family, made a long campaign and gradually reached the territory of The Hungarians called themselves Magyars. Before the modern Hungary, occupying it. This did not happen in year 1000, the heads of state in Hungary were called one day, one week, one month or one year. The khans. This is the legacy of the Great Migration of peoples who had survived the fierce battles of the Peoples, the Hunnic state from the 4th to the 9th Great Migration were exhausted by wars, campaigns, century, that is, before the arrival of the Magyars. - This defenses and sieges, their economy was in ruins and is evidenced by the very existence of Hungary and the they could not influence, stop or accelerate the events fact that its kings were called khans . Beginning in 1000, International Journal Of Literature And Languages 67 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijll International Journal Of Literature And Languages (ISSN: 2771-2834) the Hungarian king Stephen I (Hungarian emperor 1, Turkish one, then the word has existed since ancient 997-1038) ordered to call himself "king" and not Turkic times and entered the Hungarian language "khan". This is directly related to the adoption of somewhere between the 7th and 10th centuries. [4] Christianity in Hungary. Since Stephen I had previously 1. dengir (sea; Turkish-Deniz. Due to rhotacism, the adopted Orthodoxy, later, under pressure from initial z(z>r) became r. [2] neighboring countries - Germany, the Czech Republic 2. Arslan (lion, lion). "Aslan" in Turkish. The absence of and Poland - he converted to Catholicism and forcibly the (r) sound in the Turkish version suggests that the converted the Hungarian people to Catholicism. The Hungarian word is much older. [1] Arpad dynasty was established in Hungary. [3] 3. Balta (axe). "Axe" in Turkish. This word can also be The Hungarians (Magyars) were originally a Turkic- considered one of the words that came into use during speaking people who were influenced by the Finno- the Hunnic period. Ugric peoples of Eastern Europe in the 8th and 9th centuries and adopted a language from the Finno-Ugric 4. Bazar (market). In Turkish it is " pazar ". The fact that family. When they arrived in