On the Interpretation of Historical Styles in The Contemporary Architecture of Christian Churches

Аннотация

This article examines the necessity of continuity in modern church construction in relation to historical architecture. Based on an analysis of the architectural solutions of Christian churches, typological groups have been identified according to the elements that comprise their spatial and planning structure. A range of the most frequently used volumetric and spatial elements of churches has been determined. The article discusses the feasibility of composing traditional volumetric and spatial elements and designing parish churches based on this approach. Keywords: Church architecture, cultural heritage site, continuity, standard volumetric and spatial element, architectural form-making. Introduction: The design of modern Christian churches dominate the general approach, there is an active using standard volumetric and spatial elements is a process of reinterpretation and the search for a new significant and relevant task in architecture and urban architectural style for Orthodox churches. planning. With the growing interest in preserving LITERATURE REVIEW cultural heritage and reviving spiritual traditions, the Many scholars are engaged in studying the stylistic use of standardized stylistic architectural solutions not evolution of contemporary church architecture, a only accelerates the construction process but also highly relevant issue today. They approach the subject ensures the harmonious integration of new churches from the perspectives of architectural design, scientific into the existing urban environment. At the same time, research challenges in this field, style development the implementation of standardized elements requires trajectories, typology, and other related topics. careful analysis of their compliance with canonical One of the researchers who explored the use of requirements and aesthetic norms, making this standardized church elements in contemporary church research crucial for the further development of church construction is Nikolay Alexandrovich Korotaev. In his architecture. article "Architectural and Artistic and Typological In this regard, the objects of this study are church Characteristics of Some New Orthodox Churches from buildings with a completed architectural composition. the 'Program 200,'" he analyzes the architecture of new The study and analysis of the architectural solutions of Orthodox churches and compares them with their Christian churches, the formation of their typological historical predecessors. The author examines the groups according to the elements that comprise their stylistic, artistic, tectonic, compositional, and spatial and planning structure, and their stylistic typological characteristics of church architecture. He features will allow us to identify emerging trends and also makes assumptions about possible future directions for the development of style in directions for the evolution of contemporary Orthodox contemporary ecclesiastical architecture [1]. church architecture [2]. It can be observed that while direct replication and Elena Yuryevna Verkhovykh, in her article "Main Trends citation of architectural examples from the past in the Stylistic Development of Contemporary Church American Journal of Applied Science and Technology 31 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajast American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) Architecture Based on the Example of Sverdlovsk architecture featured massive walls and barrel vaults, Oblast," discusses the primary stylistic directions and while Gothic architecture introduced pointed arches the eclectic combination of historical style elements and stained-glass windows. Many cathedrals, such as [3]. Notre-Dame de Paris, adhered to these stylistic Dmitry Olegovich Shvidkovsky, a Soviet and Russian principles. architectural historian, reflects on the development of Renaissance and Baroque: The Renaissance and contemporary ecclesiastical architecture. He highlights Baroque periods saw a return to classical forms and the particular interest in its relationship with its ancient symmetry. Typical elements included domes, origins and the integration of unprecedented colonnades, and centralized floor plans. A prominent technologies into the creative process [4]. The example is St. Paul’s Cathedral in London, designed by demands of modern technology, in turn, dictate the Christopher Wren. stylistic features of church design. Modern Era: In the 19th and 20th centuries, church Natalya Vladimirovna Laitar uses the following architecture was influenced by various movements, definition for classifying architectural styles: "The including Neo-Gothic and Modernism. Standardized affiliation of a new church with a particular stylistic elements during this period included simpler, more direction (or style) is determined based on general functional forms. In the 20th century, modular patterns in volumetric, spatial, and artistic solutions, in architectural elements were often used to reduce costs which borro