Determining the water capacity demand of the soil in the study area

Аннотация

Currently, in a period of expected climate change, specific soil conditions are observed in every part of our country. In restoring the soil structure, various chemical elements in the soil, their structure, mechanical composition, satisfaction of water demand, as well as the application of organic and mineral fertilizers to the soil and its water-holding capacity are of great importance. The main task of today is to analyze the data obtained from the analysis of the formation of soil structure depending on physicochemical factors - the amount of precipitation, the amount of water and its porosity, the type of soil, and its mechanical composition. Keywords: Soil, water, irrigation, climate, permeability, temperature, humidity, mechanical composition, capacity. Introduction: The mechanical elements of the soil - clods with a diameter of more than 10 mm - adhere to each other, forming lumps (aggregates) of megastructural; various sizes and shapes. Its property of forming - clods with a diameter of 0.25 to 10 mm - aggregates from mechanical elements is called the macrostructural; property of forming structures. In soil science, the - Particles smaller than 0.25 mm in diameter are structure of the soil is understood as its property of classified as microstructured soil. separating into soil aggregates (lumps) of various shapes and sizes. From the point of view of agronomy, Clasts from 1 to 3 mm in size are considered the best only lumps that are not washed away by water, that is, water-resistant clasts from an agronomic point of view. are strong, are considered the best. The rate of formation of the topsoil layer is approximately 2.5 cm per 100-1000 years. This Soil is an important object for the growth and indicator varies depending on the climate, grasslands, development of plants. There were different views on soil type and land use. Many living organisms, such as the properties of soil in different periods of bacteria, fungi, worms, insects, participate in soil development of agriculture. Of course, these views formation. This process is very slow in deserts, high were evaluated relatively depending on the growth and mountains and regions close to the Arctic Circle. development of plants in this soil. If a plant grows well and produces fruit in this soil, then this soil is called This layer is very thin in our climatic conditions, and in good, and vice versa, bad. Soil is considered a source of the climate of Uzbekistan it takes more than a hundred nutrients and water necessary for plant life, and its years for one centimeter of fertile soil to form, unless structural state is one of the important factors affecting other negative factors interfere with this process, of its fertility. Such clods are water-resistant, and the soil course. Therefore, the amount of land suitable for formed from them is called strong structural soil. growing crops is also very limited: all agriculture in Structureless soils are composed of clods that easily Uzbekistan is concentrated along rivers and in narrow crumble under the influence of water. strips of land between mountains and deserts. It would not be wrong to say that only 9.5% of the land in our Depending on the size of the clods, soils are divided into country feeds the population of the republic. This is the following types: American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 24 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) very valuable capital - not a reserve, but precisely the During plowing, the scythe plow throws the top layer of capital that needs to be preserved. soil with fine particles, along with plant residues, to the bottom of the furrow, while the main body turns the Soil provides crops from which food, clothing and most soft, firm, lumpy soil of the lower layer, enriched with of the clothing for human needs are obtained. The humus due to the anaerobic decomposition of organic population of the country is growing, and with it the matter, to the surface. needs are also increasing. Man conquers new lands without caring about the old ones. The areas suitable There are several methods for studying the structural for cultivating the land are decreasing. And their quality state of the soil. is decreasing... The process of deterioration of the These are: 1) N.I. Savvinov's method - a method based quality of the land, the decrease in its productivity is on macroaggregate analysis by sieving the soil; land degradation. In arid climates, land degradation 2) V.R. Williams and P.A. Andrianov's method for often turns into desertification, when fertile land turns determining the water resistance of soil into a desert. macrostructures; In a soil with a strong structure, due to the large volume 3) K.K. Gedroys' method for determining the resistance of non-capillary pores, all precipitation and irrigation of soil microstructural elements; water are absorbed and stored well, and air exchang