OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES: A PROGRAM FOR CREATING A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR RISK ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS

Аннотация

This article describes the conceptual model for creating a program for creating a conceptual model of a labor protection management system at manufacturing enterprises and examples of the created program. A conceptual model for assessing and analyzing risks is proposed for developing a labor protection management system at manufacturing enterprises. The model uses modern approaches and digital technologies aimed at minimizing production risks based on the requirements of the ISO 45001 standard. Also, accidents are analyzed and safety measures are determined based on the Heinrich theory, Domino theory and the human factor model. As part of the model creation, a Python software model was developed to increase production safety, which allows monitoring and assessing the level of worker safety. The results indicate the need to apply innovative approaches to minimizing risks and increasing labor productivityat enterprises. Keywords:Labor protection, risk assessment, ISO 45001, production safety, digital technologies, python model Introduction. The effective organization of occupational safety and the establishment of a safety culture in manufacturing enterprises are among the most crucial aspects of modern industrial development. Various risk factors exist in production processes, and the ability to identify, assess, and effectively manage them in advance is an integral part of occupational safety. Ensuring safe working conditions not only protects employees' health and lives but also plays a vital role in increasing productivity and ensuring the sustainable development of enterprises. The following theoretical models are utilized to ensure occupational safety in the management of labor protection: Heinrich's Theory (which suggests that behind every major accident, there are 29 minor incidents and 300 near-misses) [1], Domino Theory (which explains that accidents occur as a result of a chain reaction of interrelated events) [2], and Human Factor Theory (which states that workers' skillsand behaviordirectly impact safety) [3]. page485 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Methodology. ISO 45001 is an international standard for occupational health and safety management systems, encompassing elements such as development, implementation, monitoring, andcontinuous improvement [4]. To successfully implement a practical model of an occupational safety management system, the following stages are developed: assessment phase, planning phase, implementation phase, and analysis and monitoring phase. The scientific and theoretical foundations of occupational safety management focus on ensuring safety in production processes, preventing workplace accidents, and safeguarding employees' health. To adapt this system to industrial conditions, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive management system based on modern risk analysis methods, digital technologies, andinternational standards [5]. The organization and management of occupational safety in manufacturing enterprises consistof thefollowing stages: Formulating Occupational Safety Policy – The company’s management develops a general safety and occupational health policy, ensuring compliance with international (ISO 45001) and national standards while defining commitments to protect employees' health and safety. Risk Identification and Assessment – Potential hazards in workplaces are identified, risk assessment methods such as FMEA, HAZOP, and SWOT analysis are applied, and measures are developed toreduce risksbased onworkplace condition assessments. Implementation of Regulatory and Legal Documents – Internal occupational safety regulations are established, workplace safety standards are created, and compliance with labor codes and legal regulations is ensured. Training and Education in Occupational Safety – Regular training sessions for employees and managers are conducted on workplace safety, emergency response procedures, and the correct use ofpersonal protective equipment (PPE)[6]. Implementation of Control and Monitoring Systems – Work conditions are continuously monitored, employee compliance with safety requirements is checked, and accident and occupational diseasestatisticsare maintained regularly. Emergency Preparedness – Plans for fire, explosion, and chemical hazards are developed, rapid response teams are formed, evacuation routes are designated, and drill exercises are conducted. Continuous Improvement of the Occupational Safety System – The system is regularly updated based on employee feedback, innovative technologies, and automated management systems. Internal and external audits are conducted to assess the effectiveness of the safety system. The sequential processes outlined above contribute to ensuring a safe working environment in industrial enterprises, reducing workplace accidents, and increasin