INTERPRETATION OF TIME AND SPACE IN SHORTS (CHRONOTOPE) (On the example of the stories of the writer Shukhrat Matkarim “Yilon”, “Maqar”, Kholiyor Safarov “Honor and Life”, “Wingless Birds”, “The Saddest Joy”)

Аннотация

The article shows the time in the story - living conditions, people's worldview and traditions. Although the work is close to modern events, it speaks about the fact that it depicts ancient customs, people's views on life. This is especially reflected in the relationships of the characters, village customs and parental decisions. Keywords: story, life, fiction, space, time, reader, method. ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ ВРЕМЕНИ И ПРОСТРАНСТВА В КОРОТКИХ РАССКАЗАХ (ХРОНОТОП) (На примере рассказов писателя Шухрата Маткарима «Йилон», «Макар», Холиёра Сафарова «Честь и жизнь», «Бескрылые птицы», «Самая грустная радость») Аннотация. В статье показано время в рассказе — условия жизни, мировоззрение и традиции людей. Хотя произведение и приближено к современным событиям, в нем говорится о том, что в нем изображены древние обычаи, взгляды людей на жизнь. Это особенно отражается во взаимоотношениях персонажей, деревенских обычаях и родительских решениях. Ключевые слова: рассказ, жизнь, художественная литература, пространство, время, читатель, метод. In the story "Honor and Life" by Khaliyor Safarov, images of time and space play an important role in illuminating the inner experiences of the characters, their life path, and social differences in society. The ideological and artistic structure of the work is also explained precisely through the harmony of time and space. The story shows time through living conditions, people's worldviews, and traditions. Although the work is close to modern events, it depicts ancient customs and people's views on life. This is especially evident in the relationships of the characters, village customs, and the decisions of their parents. The details of the space in the story are captured by the fact that the main events take place in the village. The remote villages of the Kashkadarya oasis are described, reflecting the lives of people engaged in simple and hard labor there. 1332 ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 3 At the same time, it is shown that the city also has a different way of life compared to the countryside, and the difference between rural and urban culture is clearly felt. The fate of the heroes is determined precisely by this space - those who remain in the countryside adhere to traditions, while those who go to the city seek a new life. In this story, space and time are closely connected with the fate and inner experiences of the heroes, and their life path, hopes and sorrows are illuminated precisely through these concepts. 1. Interpretation of space In the story “Honor and Life” by Kholiyor Safarov, events take place in different spaces, each of which has its own meaning. For example: a) In the center is the village - the embodiment of traditional values; The story begins in one of the remote villages of the Kashkadarya oasis. This space is associated with a traditional way of life, customs and values. The simple life of the shepherd boy Eshpolat, his innocent love, is depicted against the backdrop of rural landscapes. The villagers mainly live with traditional thinking. Their views are that shepherding is a lowly and unsightly profession, while butchering is a noble profession. For this reason, Murad the butcher wants to give his daughter to the son of a rich farmer, not to a shepherd. Houses, farms, and farms are realistic images of rural life and have different meanings for the characters. For example, for Ogiloy, his father's house is like a prison because he cannot freely choose his future. b) Hills and pastures are a place of retreat and sorrow; Eshpolat feels the pain, anguish, and sorrow of love in the hills, in the bosom of nature. The writer's description of the night on the hilltop, where he is sitting in the forest, is a testament to his ability to express love and loyalty, as well as his dissatisfaction with his fate. The pastures are shown as a symbol of his freedom and loneliness. c) The city is represented as a center of material interests; In the story, the city, unlike the village, is depicted as a place to live for the sake of interests, wealth, materiality and prestige. That is why the hero of the story, Ogiloy, wanted to study in the city, but he sacrifices himself to his father's will and his own unstable fate. In the work, the rich son of a farmer studied in the city, he was given to money and material benefits. For him, Ogiloy's body, not his soul, is more important. "They did not gaze at each other in awe at the meeting, they did not speak of love, they did not open their hearts and talk. "The young man first held the girl's hands, then he hugged her with lust, his fierce hands clasped her neck... 1333 ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 3 The girl was dying of shame, she turned pale like a flower, but she could not run away and leave the meeting. She trembled all over. As for Akmaljon, he neither trembled nor hesitated." (p. 60) The young man feels neither excitement nor fear for the girl. His attitude towards the girl