FACTORS DETERMINING INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES OF THE REGION

Аннотация

This article discusses the factors that determine the investment activity of the region, interacting system of leverage that impacts to investing activities at all levels in order to enhance existing production facilities or advancing newly established enterprises as well as socio- economicdevelopment andcompetitiveness of theseregions. Keywords:investment activity, agriculture, investment, profit, investments, assets, property, land, buildings, precious metals, types of payment and financial obligations, instruments, regulation methods,investment mechanism, levers, resources, organizational, financing, borrowed funds. Investment activity is a multifaceted and multi-level concept. As a result of the scientific and technological revolution and the growth of labor productivity, the ratio between the branches of material production and the service sector has changed dramatically. In industrially developed countries, the share of people employed in the service sector is almost twice as high as the share of people employed in the branches of material production, accounting for more than two-thirds of the total number of people employed. The mass of social labor employed in agriculture is decreasing absolutely and relatively. Investments are distinguished: 1) in fixed assets (capital) - capital investments or real investments; 2) in securities - portfolio investments; 3) public, private and foreign. An important step towards an adequate assessment of investments is the concept set out in the Fundamentals of the Legislation on Investment Activities of Uzbekistan, where investments are understood as all types of property and intellectual values ​ ​ invested in objects of types of activity, as a result ofwhich profit (income) is generated orasocial effect is achieved. In our opinion, we can agree with the above definition, since, firstly, the relationship between the processes of converting investment resources into investments is disclosed, and secondly, an extremely broad classification of investments and objects of investment activity is given. Objects of investment can be financial or tangible assets. Investments in tangible form are divided into movable and immovable property, land, buildings, precious metals, and durable goods. Investments in financial form include all types of payment and financial obligations created bythemain economic agents in thecourse ofeconomicactivity. Investment ofvarious types is carried out through investment activity. Investment activity isa set ofpractical actions of legal entities, citizensand thestateto implement investments. At different stages of the country's development, various instruments and methods for regulating the investment process are used, the set and combination of which form the investmentmechanism. The investment mechanism is a purposefully created, interacting system of levers of influence on investment activity at all its levels in the interests of expanding existing industries or advancing newly created industries. The investment mechanism consists of the following structural elements: resource, organizational, legal, motivational. Resource provision for investment financing functions in three forms: internal financing (capital investments), external real investments and external debt financing (loans and credits). Sources of internal investments are: own authorized capital, deductions from profits, page428 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue03,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai depreciation, insurance compensation fixed assets, financial resources of higher-level holding and joint-stock companies, etc. External investments also have different sources: financial resources from republican and local budgets, entrepreneurship development funds; foreign investments in the form of financial resources, material resources, intangible assets; direct investments of international financial institutions and organizations; various forms of borrowed funds (loans from the state, funds, banks, other enterprises, bond loans and bills). The organizational block of the investment mechanism involves the creation of structures and conditions that facilitate the initiation of the investment process, planning and implementation of various projects, assessment and implementation of measures to improve the efficiency of investmentactivities. [1] Stable functioning and development of the economy is an effective investment activity. The results of economic activity at different levels of the economic system are largely determined by the scale, mechanism for attracting investments, structure and efficiency of their use. The agro-industrial complex and agriculture of the region, in particular, have specific features that determine thefeatures of investmentactivity inthisarea. The main approaches to investment activity in the agriculture of the region are impleme