GENDER STEREOTYPES IN PROVERBS AND SAYINGS: CHILD REARING THROUGH THE PRISM OF KYRGYZ AND RUSSIAN CULTURES

Аннотация

This study is devoted to the gender aspects in proverbs and sayings related to child rearing in Kyrgyz and Russian cultures. The analysis reflects gender stereotypes, traditional roles of parents and children, and the influence of cultural values on socialization. Key similarities and differences in the perception of boys and girls, the roles of mother and father, are considered. The results of the study demonstrate how cultural norms and behavioral models are transmitted through proverbs and sayings. Keywords: gender, proverbs, child rearing, Kyrgyz culture, Russian culture, parents, children, socialization Аннотация: Данное исследование посвящено гендерным аспектам в пословицах и поговорках, связанных с воспитанием детей в кыргызской и русской культурах. Анализ отражает гендерные стереотипы, традиционные роли родителей и детей, а также влияние культурных ценностей на социализацию. Рассмотрены основные сходства и различия в восприятии мальчиков и девочек, роли матери и отца. Результаты исследования демонстрируют, как через пословицы передаются культурные нормы и модели поведения. Ключевые слова: гендер, пословицы, воспитание, кыргызская культура, русская культура, родители, дети, социализация Introduction. Proverbs and sayings as part of oral folk creativity reflect cultural values, stereotypes, and ideas about child rearing. Child rearing is an essential aspect of social life that has historically been shaped under patriarchal traditions in both Kyrgyz and Russian cultures. Expectations and roles assigned to parents, as well as the upbringing of boys and girls, were influenced not only by individual ideas but also by the social role established through oral folk 85 MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference creativity. The study of gender aspects in these linguistic units helps to understand how cultural attitudes are transmitted from generation to generation, how stereotypes are entrenched through proverbs and sayings related to family values, roles, and duties. The aim of this study is to identify the features of gender stereotypes and their influence on child rearing among two different cultural systems, as well as to trace how social norms and expectations defining children's behavior based on their gender are transmitted through folklore expressions. Comparison of proverbs and sayings from Kyrgyz and Russian cultures reveals common and specific features in educational attitudes and understanding of parental roles, as well as allows identifying cultural differences related to gender socialization. Results of the Study. Child rearing through the prism of proverbs and sayings in Kyrgyz and Russian cultures demonstrates unique approaches to forming gender roles. These linguistic units not only transmit cultural values but also reinforce social stereotypes related to the role of mother, father, boys, and girls in society. Let us consider examples from both cultures with detailed explanations of their meanings. Kyrg 1. "Эненин сүтү менен оозанат, атанын сөзү менен узанат" — A child is nurtured with the mother's milk and raised by the father's word. This proverb emphasizes the balance between the mother’s care, responsible for emotional and physical development, and the father's guidance, forming the ability to navigate society. 2. "Уул уйдун куту, кыз уйдун кереги" — A son is the wealth of the house, a daughter is its ornament. The son is perceived as the continuation of the lineage and the family’s support, while the daughter symbolizes beauty and harmony in the house. This reflects gender-based social role division. 3. "Кызды кырк үйдөн тыюу" — A girl is raised in forty households. This expression reflects the collective responsibility of society in raising a girl, emphasizing strict control over her behavior and reputation. 4. "Эр уул — элдин тиреги" — A son is the support of the people. This proverb consolidates the role of a man as a defender and leader, on whom the well-being of the community depends. 5. "Кыз алтындан кымбат" — A daughter is more valuable than gold. Despite strict expectations, the daughter is perceived as a precious treasure of the family, emphasizing her high value. 86 MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference 6. "Атанын баласы болбо, элдин баласы бол" — Don’t just be your father’s son, be the son of the people. This proverb fosters a sense of duty towards society among boys, going beyond familial obligations. Rus. 1. "Материнская ласка конца не знает, а отцовское слово — закон" — The mother’s affection knows no end, but the father's word is law. This proverb highlights the different, yet complementary roles of parents: the mother as a source of love, and the father as a symbol of authority. 2. "Сын — отец семейства, дочь — мать дома" — A son is the head of the family, a daughter is the mother of the house. This proverb reflects expectations from children, linking boys with leadership and girls with keeping