Interrelations Of The Root Weight Trait With Other Valuable Economic Traits In The Family Of Hybrids F3 Of Sunflowers In The Conditions Of Karakalpakstan

Аннотация

This article presents mathematical analysis data on the correlations between root weight and several characteristics in simple and complex F3 sunflower hybrid families, including single plant productivity, plant height, basket diameter, and total leaf area. In this case, the correlation relationships in highly heterozygous hybrids changed in a positive direction, and the high indicators of two-three traits were concentrated in one genotype. Keywords: Sunflower, simple and complex hybridization, interdependence, correlation, heterozygote, genotype, root weight, productivity, plant height, basket diameter, leaf area. valuable traits of third-generation hybrids obtained Introduction: Today, in the selection of agricultural from simple and complex hybridization of sunflowers, crops, hybridization creates the possibility of changing they showed that a change in one trait leads to a heredity and the emergence of plastic genotypes correlative change in another trait. adapted to a new environment based on simple and complex selection hybridization methods. The product obtained from sunflower seeds is Hybridization and selection are the main factors in considered one of the main vegetable oils used for creating new varieties and largely depend on the consumption by the world's population. The surface chosen crossbreeding methods and the genotype of yield of sunflower is 23 million/ha, the average yield is the raw materials. In sunflower selection, the need to 14-15 c/ha, and the oil content in absolutely dry seeds create varieties with stable hereditary traits using new is 55-56%. In advanced farms of some countries, breeding methods is increasing. sunflower yields reach 40-43 centners per hectare [2]. In our republic, one of the urgent tasks is the study of Based on the results of research conducted by several the interrelationship of hybrid families with other traits scientists on the study of new sunflower lines in the of economically valuable traits in the creation of conditions of Karakalpakstan, they came to the drought-resistant agricultural crops, in particular, following conclusions: in the conditions of natural sunflower varieties, which require less water and salinization of Karakalpakstan, the yield of a new high- eliminate water shortages. yielding seed kernel from station variety trials proves its effectiveness in creating genotypes that meet world L.J.Genjeeva [1] and others conducted research in the standards for sunflowers with relatively high indicators, soil and climatic conditions of Karakalpakstan, as a and the possibility of transferring L-24, L-28, L-43, and result of studying the relationships between some American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations 6 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajahi American Journal Of Agriculture And Horticulture Innovations (ISSN: 2771-2559) L-63 lines, which showed relatively high indicators study plant generations and gradually separate traits, compared to the standard variety for the main as well as reduce the number of combinations created economically valuable traits from the studied lines in as a result of various hybridizations. the small variety trial nursery, to the large competitive In plants, correlative relationships between traits are of variety trial next year [3]. varying degrees, and from a genetic point of view, this In the natural saline conditions of Karakalpakstan, is explained by the clustering of genes in one locus or station seed testing yields of new high-yielding kernels the pleiotropic effect of genes. The relationship of proved their effectiveness in creating genotypes that characteristics is of two types, i.e., smooth-system and meet world standards for sunflowers with relatively non-smooth-system. In a smooth correlation, an high indicators, and the possibility of transferring the L- increase or decrease in the indicators of one trait leads 24, L-28, L-43, and L-63 lines, which showed relatively to an increase or decrease in the indicators of another high indicators compared to the standard variety in trait. In the first case, positive correlations arise, and in terms of key economically valuable traits, to major the second case, negative ones. When creating lines competitive variety testing next year was presented and varieties of sunflowers with positive main [3]. economically valuable traits, it is important to analyze the relationships of traits, that is, how one trait is in a MATERIALS AND METHODS OF RESEARCH strongly positive state and how it is related to other Our research was conducted in field and laboratory traits. conditions according to the applied project of the In our study, a mathematical analysis was conducted to Karakalpak Research Institute of Agriculture "Creation examine the correlations between root weight and of new promising early-maturing, high-yielding, high-oil various characteristics such as single plant productivity, varieties of sunflower by simple and complex plant height, head diameter,