CLASSIFICATION OF DIALECT-SPECIFIC WORDS IN THE LANGUAGE OF KAZAKHS RESIDING IN NAVOI REGION

Аннотация

The cultures, histories, and languages of two fraternal nations Uzbek and Kazakh who have long lived in Central Asia have always been closely intertwined, contributing to each other’s development. In the Navoi region, Uzbeks and Kazakhs have lived side by side for centuries, and in some areas, they have coexisted in mixed communities. Naturally, this has influenced the language of each ethnic group. This article comprehensively classifies the dialectal characteristics ofthe languageof theKazakh diaspora inUzbekistan’s Navoi region. Keywords:local peculiarities, dialectology, Kazakh dialects, literary language Dialects in all languages of the world serve as the foundation and core of literary language. Dialectal materials recorded from spoken varieties are not only linguistic data but also rich sources reflecting an ethnic group’s history, culture, and mental characteristics. Particularly in today’s globalized world, social changes inevitably affect language. Therefore, documenting dialects in a timely manner, drawing specific conclusions about them, and studying them scientifically is moreurgent than ever. In the Navoi region, Uzbeks and Kazakhs have long lived together, and in some places, theircommunities are mixed. Naturally, this influences the language ofboth groups. For instance, in the dialects of the Qizilcha village in Nurota district and the Sho‘rtepa village in Konimex district, Uzbek speakers living among Kazakhs use plural forms such as -dar // -dər, -tar // -tər: Създəрдъəйтдъ.ǝттǝрдъ бǝйлǝдънгмǝ?[1] Jusipbek Aymautov (1889-1931) was the first scholar to address the topic of “local peculiarities” in the Kazakh language. In his 1926 article "On Language," published in the Enbekshi Kazakh newspaper, hewrote: "In every country and region, Kazakhs have words and expressions unique to them that arenot used byotherstates. In scientific terms, this iscalled alocal language (regionalism).”[2] The task of dialectology is to collect and analyze dialectal words, clarify their origins and distribution. Accordingly, dialectology is divided into descriptive and historical dialectology. Descriptive dialectology further categorizes dialects into alternative and non-alternative dialectal features based onlexical characteristics. The dialects of Kazakhs living in Uzbekistan largely resemble the dialects of Kazakhstan’s southern regions. For example, words like aңlamau, pіtіru, paqta, gүrіsh, oyaq, bұyaq, tүgesu, auqat, pіlіk, darbaza, bəygі \ pəygі, qұdag‘ay, kөpshіk, qayazu, qыlua, qыsh, kіrpіsh, shəmbe, sыpыra, kəpkіr, tag‘a, bədіreң, piyala are commonly used among Kazakhs livingin thedistrictsof Navoi region. page1362 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue02,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai The dialects spoken by Kazakhs in Konimex and Nurota districts share similarities with the dialects of Kazakhs in Tomdi, Uchquduq, and Zarafshan districts. Since the Kazakh and Uzbek populations in Konimex and Nurota are mixed, linguistic commonalities can be observed intheir dialects. Each region has its own dialectal variations. Below are some dialectal words related to traditional Kazakh lifestyle: 1. Желмая – A one-humped, fast, and tireless camel. In Konimex and Tomdi districts, peoplecall suchcamels Желмая,whileinNurotadistrict, they simply say tuya (camel). [3] 2. Шаңқыт – A strong sandstorm. In the desert regions of Konimex district, this phenomenon is called Шаңқыт, whereas in Tomdi and Uchquduq districts, it is referred to as Дауыл.[4] 3. Қабан – A wild boar. In some villages of Navoi region, it is called Қабан, while in Tomdi,Nurota, and Uchquduq districts,it is referred to as Доңыз.[5] 4. Кимешек – A traditional headwear for married women. This term was historically used in Konimex, Tomdi, and Uchquduq districts, but today, the headwear is no longer commonlyworn. [6] 5. Уыз – The milk of a newly calved cow. This word is commonly used in remote areas ofKonimex district. In Tomdi, however, thesame concept isreferred to as Далама.[7] 6. Табын – A herd of cattle. In Konimex, Uchquduq, and Tomdi districts, the word Үйір isused instead, whilein Nurota, influenced byUzbek speakers, peopleuse theword Poda. [8] 7. Отар – A flock of sheep and goats. This word is commonly used in Kazakh literary language. In Konimex, Uchquduq, Tomdi, and Nurota districts, it is sometimes pronounced as Атар.[9] 8. Адирaспан – A perennial plant. It is collected and dried in summer and autumn. This plantis widely found inremote parts of Konimex district. [10] 9. Киізүй –The main dwelling ofCentral Asian nomads. In Kazakhstan, this structure is known as Отау. In different parts of Navoi region, it is sometimes called qora uy or simply uy. [11] 10. Кереге – The collapsible wall structure of a yurt. The joint between Keреге and Уық is called kerage chekkasi. This architectural feature is important in constructing tradit