SEMANTIC FEATURES AND DIFFERENCES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP LEXICON IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK

Аннотация

The lexical units related to entrepreneurship in English and Uzbek have unique similarities and differences due to various historical, economic, and cultural factors. While English has a well-developed system of business terminology, Uzbek has adopted numerous foreign terms while maintaining its national lexical structure. Under the influence of globalization, the Uzbek entrepreneurial lexicon continues to expand and evolve with new concepts. This article discusses the semantic features and differences of entrepreneurship-related lexicon in English and Uzbek. Key words:e-commerce, crowdfunding, digital transformation, blockchain, startup giants, venturecapital, privateinvestor, market strategy. Introduction.Entrepreneurship is a global phenomenon, and every language expresses business- related concepts through unique lexical units. The semantic characteristics of these units in English and Uzbek vary due to cultural, economic, and linguistic factors. Below, their key aspects are analyzed. 1.SemanticClassification ofEntrepreneurship Lexicon Business-related terms can be categorizedinto thefollowing groups based ontheirmeanings: A. Core Terms These words represent fundamental entrepreneurship concepts and have direct equivalents in both languages: Business ownership – tadbirkorlik, biznes egasi, Startup – startap, Investment –sarmoya, investitsiya,Profit–daromad, foyda,Entrepreneur –tadbirkor B.Financialand Economic Terms These terms are related to financial aspects and sometimes undergo semantic changes: Revenue – daromad, Capital – kapital, sarmoya, Taxation – soliq tizimi, Loan – qarz, kredit, Stock market –fondbozori C. BusinessProcesses andStrategies page1346 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue02,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai These terms relate to business operations and may differ depending on cultural context: Marketing – marketing, bozor strategiyasi, Negotiation – muzokara, Risk management – xatarlarni boshqarish,Innovation– innovatsiya, yangilikyaratish D. TechnologicalEntrepreneurship Terms These terms are associated with the development of the digital economy: E-commerce – elektron tijorat, Crowdfunding – jamoaviy moliyalashtirish, Blockchain – blokcheyn, Digital transformation–raqamli o‘zgarishlar. 2.SemanticFeatures andDifferences ofEntrepreneurship Lexicon in EnglishandUzbek A. LoanwordsandAdaptations Duetoglobalization, many English business terms havebeen adopted intoUzbek: English:Startup, investment, marketing, franchise Uzbek:Startap, investitsiya, marketing, franshiza Thesewords havebeen adapted interms ofpronunciation andspelling inUzbek. B.Synonymy and Polysemy English has a high degree ofsynonymy: “Entrepreneur” – “business owner, startup founder, innovator” (tadbirkor, startap asoschisi, innovator) Although Uzbek also has synonyms, they are used less frequently: Tadbirkor, ishbilarmon (entrepreneur, businessperson) The English word “capital” can mean both financial resources and a capital city, whereas in Uzbek, “kapital”is mainlyused in afinancial context. C. Culturaland ConceptualDifferences Somebusiness concepts that are common in Englishdonot have direct equivalents inUzbek: Angel investor–Xususiy investor(Privateinvestor) Venturecapital –Sarmoya kapitali(Investment capital) Unicorn startup –Startap gigantlari (Startup giants) page1347 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue02,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai D. Morphologicaland Structural Features In English, business terms are often formed using compound words oraffixes. In English, business terms are often formed through compoundwords or affixes: “Self-employment”= “self”+ “employment” “Microfinance”= “micro”+ “finance” In Uzbek,words are formed using descriptivephrases: O‘z-o‘zini bandqilish (self-employment) Kichik moliyaviy yordam(microfinance) E.Metaphorical Expressions Metaphorical expressionsare widely used in entrepreneurship: “Break into themarket”–bozorga agressiv kirish (enter themarket aggressively) “Cash cow”–daromadli biznes(profitablebusiness) Conclusion. The study of entrepreneurial lexicon in English and Uzbek reveals the dynamic interplay between language, culture, and business practices. As the global business landscape continues to evolve, the lexical units shaping entrepreneurial discourse in different linguistic contextswillalso develop. Reference: 1. Hаndfоrd, M. Kоеstеr, А. It’s nоt rоckеt sciеncе”: mеtаphоrs аnd idiоms in cоnflictuаl businеss mееtings. In: Tеxt & Tаlk-Аn Intеrdisciplinаry Jоurnаl оf Lаnguаgе Discоursе & CоmmunicаtiоnStudiеs, 2010.vоl. 30,n.1,pp.27-51. 2. Kаzаkоvа, Е.P. Wаys tо еnhаncе thе trаnspаrеncy оf thе intеrnаl fоrm оf thе phrаsеоlоgy оf thе Еnglish businеss discоursе,1.2012. 3. Kоlоtninа, Е.V. Mеtаphоric mоdеlling оf rеаlity in