SCIENTIFIC-METHODICAL BASES OF LOAD STANDARDIZATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND PUBLIC SPORTS FITNESS CLASSES

Аннотация

The high level of pathology among students indicates the priority of the problem of health of the younger generation. Among the main factors that reduce the level of health of students (ecological, biological, socio-economic, etc.), a significant place is occupied by the system of traditionaleducation with intensification, overload, irrationality of activity. Kеywоrds:physical activity, load dosage, volumeand intensity ofphysical activity. INTRОDUСTIОN The subject of the study is the methodology for regulating academic loads in the process of physical training of primary school students in accordance with the age and gender characteristics of the parameters of development of the main physical qualities and the biological ageofstudents. The purpose of the study is to improve the level of physical fitness of primary school students based on the development and implementation of a new methodology for regulating academic loads based on the age and gender parameters of the process of development of physical qualitiesand thebiological age ofstudents. For a teacher, the formation of interest in a lesson means a transition from a class-lesson system of teaching to a personally oriented approach to a student: deep knowledge of the subject of an additional lesson, the ability to work with the technology of personally oriented teaching [1]. When preparing for a lesson, a teacher solves issues related to physical activity. Physical activity is understood as a certain effect on the body of students caused by the entire process of thelesson and physical exercises. Physical activity is largely determined by the dosage of physical exercises, i.e. the number of exercises, their repetition, the timeallotted for performing the exercises, as well as the conditionsfor theirimplementation. MАTЕRIАLS АNDMЕTHОDS All physical exercises have an effect on the body of those involved, some more than others. A lesson consisting of a large number of exercises also provides a greater physical load. Therefore, the load in lessons can be different, and the teacher is obliged to regulate it. It is impossible to allow students to be overloaded. This can cause fatigue and affect their performance. At the same time, one should not limit oneself to a very light load, since then the effect of physical exercises on the body will be insufficient [2]. The teacher should achieve sufficient physical load on the body of students in each lesson, which, in parallel with solving educational problems, will ensure the necessary improvements in the functional activity of the body. To do this, you need to skillfully use physical exercises and know what effect they have on the body of students. There are many ways to determine the effect of physical exercises on the body. These include: measuring blood pressure, body temperature, pulse, blood composition page1310 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue02,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai studies, etc. Of the above methods, the teacher can most often use pulse measurements. An exampleofa simplewayto determine theeffect of physical exercise canbe thefollowing. RЕSULTSАNDDISСUSSIОN Before running, alternating walking and running, overcoming an obstacle course or other exercises, the student's pulse is measured. Then the exercises are performed, after which the pulse is measured again (two or three times over 2-3 minutes). The pulse rates before and after the exercise are compared. If the pulse, as a rule, is rapid, within 3 minutes does not return to the rates that were before the exercises, or becomes rarer, then this is considered an unfavorable signal indicating a heavy load or deviations in the activity of the cardiovascular system of this student. Both should attract the serious attention of the teacher. The teacher constantly monitors the well-being of the students. There are many external signs that determine the condition of those involved: trembling of the arms and legs, a tired expression on the face, deterioration of posture, decreased activity, paleness of the face, lethargy, deterioration in the quality of exercise performance, complaints of students about a feeling of fatigue, etc. All these symptoms are indicators of excessive physical activity and oblige the teacher to immediately limit the number andintensityof exercises orstop them completely [3]. The teacher determines the physical activity in advance, whendrawing up the lesson plan, and during the lesson, in accordance with observations, makes some adjustments. In this case, it is necessary to strive to ensure that the increase in the load is as gradual as possible. The greatest load, as arule, shouldbe given in themiddleofthemain part ofthelesson. There cannot be almost absolute gradualness in the increase in load, since there will necessarily be short breaks between individual exercises, and the exercises themselves can