INCREASING SOIL FERTILITY FOR THE LICORICE (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA) PLANT

Аннотация

This article provides information on the interaction between licorice plants and soil, and methods for increasing soil fertility. It also presents general concepts of soil cultivation through the application of agrotechnical measures, as well as information on the chemical and mineral compositionof thesoil. Key word:Glyrrhiza glabral. Salinity, fertilizer, salt leaching, reclamation crop, nitrogen-fixing nodulebacteria. Login:Scientists have established that the application of various agro-ores at different times and rates in the conditions of salinesoils, among various reclamation measures, leads to a decrease in the amount of water-soluble salts in the plow layer of the soil and does not have a negative impact ontheplant [1-27]. Research methods. All observations, analyzes and calculations in the research were carried out on the basis of "Methods of conducting field experiments", the amount of nutrients in the soil and agrophysical analyzes "Methods of agrochemical, agrophysical and microbiological research andirrigation ofagricultural districts " (1963). Results and analyses. Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the legume (Fabaceae) family. Its stem is erect, 50-120 cm tall, branched or unbranched, and covered with hairs. The root is a taproot, branched, reaching a depth of 5-6 meters. Leaves are dark pinnate, 8-20 cm long. The flowers are zygomorphic, bisexual, blooming from late April to June, and bearing fruit in August. The fruit is a pod containing 3-7 seeds; the seeds are small, smooth, and brown in color. Licorice root contains hormonally active glycyrrhizin, sucrose, fructose, glucose, tannins, about 30 flavonoids, and a number of other active substances. It has long been known as a medicinal plant. In medicine, preparations made from its root and rhizome are used to treat inflammation, allergies, poisoning, Addison's disease, gout, pertussis, diphtheria, tuberculosis, and eczema. Licorice also has expectorant properties. Licorice is sold in pharmacies in the form of syrup. It is especially recommended for young children with colds. To increase the fertility of saline soils, it is recommended to use the following precise and effective methods: Fertilization and addition of mineral substances: Saline soils may lack the necessary mineral substances for plants. Therefore, to improve the chemical composition of the soil, it is important to apply fertilizers containing phosphorus, potassium, and other page1232 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue02,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai micronutrients. This supports the growth and development of plants. Leaching saline soils: The accumulation of salts in saline soils can be harmful to plants. By leaching salts, it is possible to reduce soil salinityand createfavorable conditions for plants.For this,it is necessary to regularly irrigatethe soilandimprove thedrainage system. Useof organic matter: Theaddition of compost, manure, and otherorganic substances to thesoil improves soil structure, increases water and air permeability, and supports microbiological activity. This creates favorable conditions for the growth of plants. Implementation of crop rotation: Through crop rotation, soil fertility can be preserved and increased. Sequential planting of different plants improves soil structure and prevents the spread of pests. Planting halophytic plants: Planting halophytic plants insalinesoils helps reduce soilsalinity. These plants absorb salts from the soil, reduce soil salinity, and create favorable conditions for other plants. Use of microorganisms: By increasing the activity of soil microbes, it is possible to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and increase soil fertility. For this purpose, the useofmicrobiological preparations is recommended. Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Lamia, licorice plant) is a plant with sweet and medicinal properties, the roots of which are mainly used in the production of sweets and pharmaceuticals. The licorice plant requires certain fertilizers for good growth in the soil. Nitrogen (N) - Nitrogen is one of the main components of plant growth and development. Glycyrrhiza glabra plants grow well in soils rich in nitrogen. Nitrogen supports the development of plant leaves and roots. A high level of nitrogen contributes to the rapid growth of roots. Phosphorus (P) - Phosphorus supports the development of the root system of Glycyrrhiza glabra plants and increases root productivity. Phosphorusalso helps improve theplant's energy metabolismand fruit yield. page1233 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue02,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Potassium (K) Potassium increases the stress resistance of Glycyrrhiza glabra plants and helps plants reta