ANALYSIS OF LINGUOCULTURAL UNITS

Аннотация

This article analyzes the close connection between linguocultural studies, one of the new areas of linguistics, and research on issues related to communicative linguistics and text linguistics, the anthropocentric approach to text study, cognitive linguistics, pragmatics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, linguo-regional studies, and ethnolinguistics. Keywords: linguocultural studies, linguistics, science, communicative, text, linguistics, anthropocentric, approach, cognitive, pragmatics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, linguo- regional studies, ethnolinguistics, field, issues, analysis, research, analogy. АНАЛИЗ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРНЫХ ЕДИНИЦ Аннотация. В статье анализируется тесная связь лингвокультурологии, одного из новых направлений языкознания, с исследованиями по вопросам, связанным с коммуникативной лингвистикой и лингвистикой текста, антропоцентрическим подходом к изучению текста, когнитивной лингвистикой, прагматикой, психолингвистикой, социолингвистикой, лингворегионоведением и этнолингвистикой. Ключевые слова: лингвокультурология, лингвистика, наука, коммуникативный, текст, лингвистика, антропоцентрический, подход, когнитивный, прагматика, психолингвистика, социолингвистика, лингворегионоведение, этнолингвистика, поле, проблемы, анализ, исследование, аналогия. Today, modern research pays great attention to the linguocultural aspects of similes. The author of the book “Linguoculturology” V.A.Maslova emphasizes that similes reflect the national worldview of a particular people, and substantiates this idea based on the analysis of simile devices used in Russian, Belarusian, and Kyrgyz. In her opinion, devices such as his eyes shine like Issyk- Kul, his stature is as tall as a deer, and his strength is as strong as Manas reflect the national worldview of the Kyrgyz people. V.A.Maslova also emphasizes that the figurative thinking style of a particular people is clearly manifested, in particular, in the similes used in the language of that people. This opinion of the scientist is also confirmed by stable similes in the Uzbek language. 3 12 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 3 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ The materials collected for the “Explanatory Dictionary of Similes of the Uzbek Language” indicate that the attitude of the people to a particular object, sign, action, situation, associative thinking style are also reflected in similes. Uzbek linguist N. Mahmudov names the components of simile in his articles as follows: subject of simile, standard, basis, formal indicator of simile. [1; 19-24] The studies of D.Khudaiberganova [2;], G.Jumanazarova [3;] discuss traditional and stable similes, their role in folk oral literature. Several articles by the young researcher D. Ashurov discuss similes and their functional and cultural features in the epic poem "Alpomish" [4; 104- 107]. In particular, the cultural details of similes with flower and moon components are highlighted using examples. In her monograph "Anthropocentric Study of the Text," linguist D.Khudoyberganova classifies stable metaphors about humans in the Uzbek language into the following semantic groups: 1. Similes related to human organs. 2. Similes related to human appearance. 3. Similes related to human physical characteristics. 4. Similes related to human voice. 5. Similes related to human speech. 6. Similes related to human character. 7. Similes related to human condition. 8. Similes related to human behavior. Let's dwell on each of these similes separately. Similes related to human body parts: tall like an alif / cypress / sambit / shamshod, small mouth like an angustifolia, red eyes like a pomegranate, sharp eyes like an eagle, red lips like a cherry, white as rice, thin, black eyebrows like a leech, thin eyebrows like a thread, round face like a smile, black hair like the night, big nose like a ladle; similes related to human appearance: ugly like Azrael, fat like a scythe / mesh, handsome like a giant, dark as rust, thin like a sprout, beautiful like the moon, handsome like a hornet, thin like a poplar, thin like a grasshopper / ghost / kosov / stick; similes related to human physical characteristics: strong as a dragon, strong as a bear, brave as an elf, graceful as a flower; similes related to human voice: roar like a bear / lion / lioness / camel, howl like a wolf, roar like thunder, ring like a bell; similes related to human speech: speak like a machine, walk like a quail / nightingale, bark like a dog, bark like a dog, chirp like a sparrow; similes related to human 3 13 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2025 VOLUME 4 / ISSUE 3 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ character: as fragile as a walnut, as innocent as a saint, as empty as my aunt's calf, as gentle as silk, as loyal as a dog, as stupid as a cow, as harmless as a mouse, as white as milk, as straight as a stick, as cunning as a fox, as stubborn as a donkey, as meek as