MOTHER LANGUAGE OF PRIMARY CLASS STUDENTS THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF DEVELOPING LOGICAL THINKING IN CLASSES

Аннотация

In thisarticle, thedidactic foundations of students' work with texts, thedevelopment of logical thinking, which is an important component of the educational process, and its specific aspects, the need to create conditions for the development of a well-rounded personality, spiritual, self- opinions are presented on the issue of creating a socially active person who develops self. Also, methods such as solving problem situations, using games and didactic materials were considered, and the role of graphic organizers and other interactive methods in improvingstudents' thinkingability was analyzed. Keywords:digital technologies, competence, reflexivethinking, virtual laboratories. Development of logical thinking of elementary school students is one of the main directions of the educational process. Today, the main goal of the educational process is to educate a comprehensively developed person who can think independently and meet the requirements of the modern world. In particular, the development of logical thinking skills of elementary school students directly affects the level of mastery of any subject in the future. The elementary school mother tongue curriculum serves not only to improve literacy, but also to develop analytical and logical thinking of elementary school students. The main goal of the article is to analyze effective methodologies and approaches aimed at developing logical thinking skills in primary school students'native language classes. As mentioned above, one of the important pedagogical tasks is to develop the logical thinking of primary school students in their native language classes. The theoretical and methodological foundations ofthisprocess include thefollowing aspects: 1. Theoretical foundations. Thefollowing theories are used to develop logical thinking: •Theory of cognitive development (J. Piaget) - thechild's thinking ability develops step bystep, and nativelanguage training plays a key role in thisprocess. • Vygotsky's sociocultural theory - the child's logical thinking is formed through the environment and communication,so interactive methodsare importantin thecourse ofthe lesson. • Dewey's theory of learning based on experience - a child should learn not only theoretical knowledge, butalso through practical experiences. 2. Methodological foundations. The following methodological approaches are used in the development oflogical thinking: Active and interactive methods: brainstorming, problem-based learning, role-playing games, question-and-answer technologies. • Integrative approach: the teaching of mother tongue lessons in connection with other subjects contributes tothemultifaceted development of children's thinking. http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass 231 Volume15 Issue02, February2025 Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023: 6.995, 2024 7.75 Differential approach: assigning tasks taking into account the individual characteristics of each child. •Problematic education: developing critical and creative thinking in children by creating problem situationsand solvingthem. •Dialogic education: teaching to make logical conclusions by asking questions, arguing and exchanging ideas. 3.Methods ofpractical application Textanalysis: identifying themain ideaand important ideas in thetext. • The art of asking questions: "Why?", "How?", "If…?" stimulate logical thinking through questionssuch as •Logical chains: connecting concepts, analyzing causal relationships. •Creativeexercises: rewritingfairy tales, pretending to bethecharacters, continuing thestory. • Working with graphic schemes and tables: grouping concepts, determining logical relationships. Thus, psychological and pedagogical views are used as a theoretical basis for the development of logical thinking of elementary school students in their native language classes, and modern educational technologies and active teaching methods are used as a methodological basis. This process serves to develop students' critical and creative thinking. A number of studies on the development of logical thinking in education show that this process is carried out from an early age through the formation of thinking processes such as understanding, analysis and synthesis. In this process, it is important to develop logical thinking in mother tongue classes for primary school students, taking intoaccount theage group. The development of students' logical thinking during primary education is based on several basicprinciples: 1. Consistency and systematicity. In order to form logical thinking, the knowledge acquired by students during the lesson should be continuous and gradually complex. For example, at the first stage, it is necessary to work with simple sentences, determine the arrangement of words, and thenmoveontocomplex analytical work onthetext. 2. Formation of activity and independence; students should learn to think independently, not only to repeat the answers given by the teacher, but to learn