VERBALIZATION OF SOMATIC OBJECTS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES

Аннотация

Somatic objects are words and phrases related to parts of the human body. They are often used as metaphors and idioms. For example, in English is used, the expression "keep an eye" or in Uzbek,the phrase "qo’li ochiq" (generous). Such expressions play an important role in reflecting thought processes and cultural values. Keywords:Somaticobjects, somatic units,paremological texts, proverbs, sayings Аннотация:Соматические объекты – это слова и словосочетания, связанные с частями тела человека. Они часто используются как метафоры и фразеологизмы. Например, в английском языке есть выражение «держать глаз» (быть глазом-ухом) или в узбекском языке есть выражение «qo’li ochiq» (щедрый). Такие фразы играют важную роль в выражениимышления и культурных ценностей людей. Ключевые слова:Соматические объекты, соматические единицы, паремиологические тексты,пословицы,маталы Introduction: Somatic units are terms related to the human body and hold an important place in the phraseological, paremological, and metaphorical systems of every language. Paremological texts consist of folk proverbs, matals, and wise sayings, reflecting national thinking and worldview. This article analyzes how somatic objects are represented in paremological texts inEnglish and Uzbek languages. Somaticunitshave peculiarities in different languages. Some somatic units can be dire Paremological texts Paremological texts Paremological texts Paremological texts ctly translated, but others differ in meaning. For example, the English phrase "cold feet" means fear or hesitation, while in Uzbek, this concept is expressed differently. Each language has important linguistic units reflecting national culture, history, and worldview. Among such units, paremological texts, including proverbs and matals, hold a special place. This article analyzes how somatic objects, which are concepts related to the human body, are represented in paremological texts in both English and Uzbek languages. Somatic idioms are also culturally significant as they reveal similarities and differences between languages and cultures. Somatic objects inparemological texts: 1. InUzbek: "Ko‘rgan ko‘z olar, ko‘rmagan so‘rar." (A knowledgeable person will act, while an unknowledgeable person will ask.) "Oyoqni uzatib yotma, to‘shakni keng ol." (It is important to act and expand opportunities.) "Bosh qayerga borsa, oyoq ham o‘sha tomonga boradi." (Where the leader goes, the team follows.) 2. InEnglish: "Actionsspeak louder than words." "The applenever falls far from thetree." "A slipofthe tongue." page1121 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue02,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Similarities and Comparisons: Proverbs based on somatic units in English and Uzbek languages may express similar meanings, but their forms of expression differ. For example, in Uzbek, "Ko‘zi ochiq" refers to a wise and perceptive person, while in English, "sharp-eyed" or "keen-eyed" carries a similar meaning. Additionally, some somatic phrases do not have direct equivalents in English and Uzbek,but they share common cultural andlogical connections. Somatic objects inparemological texts: Somatic objects in the analyzed proverbs and matals refer to different parts of the human body and are used either metaphorically or literally. Somatic units in both English and Uzbek languages can be divided intothefollowing categories: Headand face-related paremological units In English: "Use your head" (Think with your head), "Don't lose your face" (Don't lose your honor) In Uzbek: "Odamning boshi – bir dunyo" (Everyone's life and worldview are different), "Yuzsizodamdan qo‘rqma" (Don't fear aperson withoutshame) Handand foot-related units In English: "Lend a hand" (Help), "Don't pull my leg" (Don't deceive me) In Uzbek:"Qo‘liochiq" (Generous), "Oyog‘i yengil" (A person who brings luck) Eye-related units In English: "The eyes are the window to the soul," "Turn a blind eye" (Ignore something) In Uzbek: "Ko‘rgan ko‘z uyalmaydi" (A person who has done something will not be ashamed of it),"Ko‘ziochiqodam" (A wise, perceptiveperson) Heartand tongue-related units In English: "Have a heart" (Be kind), "Cat got your tongue?" (Why are you silent?) In Uzbek:"Yuragi katta" (Generous), "Tilida zaharbor" (His words are heavy) Metaphorical meanings ofsomatic objects: In many cases, the concepts expressed through somatic objects are used in either direct or figurativesenses. For example: Head: Asymbol ofthought and intellect. Hand: Represents help, labor, orcunning. Eye:A symbol ofwisdom, attention, orindifference. Heart: Asymbol ofcourage, generosity, orlove. Tongue: Represents the abilitytospeak, truth, orlies. Although these metaphorical meanings may have distinct features depending on the language andculture, they often reflect common concepts. Differences and similarities in English and Uzbek languages: When comparing so