Развитие ирригационной системы в Узбекистане и его последствия (1951-1990 гг.).

Аннотация

of dissertation is delivered «___»__________2017. (Register of certificate of delivery № __ on «____» ___________2017). A.А.Mavrulov Chairman of the scientific council awarding scientific degrees, Doctor of historical sciences, professor Kh.E.Yunusova Scientific Secretary of the Scientific Council for awarding the scientific degrees, Doctor of historical sciences S.B.Shadmanova Chairperson of the Scientific Seminar under Scientific Council for awarding the scientific degrees, Doctor of historical sciences 60 INTRODUCTION (abstract of DSc thesis) The aim of the research work is fairly eliciting the improvement processes, results of applied irrigation changes performed in 1951-1990 in the irrigation system of Uzbekistan and their consequences applied primary and historical sources. The object of the research work makes up the problem of the irrigation pattern in Uzbekistan during 1951-1990s and their acquirement, riddle and impacts as well. The scientific novelty of the research work includes followings: Double-sided policy of the Soviet government in Uzbekistan touching upon irrigational system in the second half of the XX century and its impact on irrigational field deformation processes have been fairly elucidated; In the republic that had developed the culture of irrigated field formed a unique school, it was adopted as supportive goal on upbringing personnel even during the reign of Soviet power, similarly, local engineer-hydrotechnic personnel’s attendance on building barrages (small water reservoirs) has been subsumed into scientific consumption applying «Oral history» approach; The reclamation of new lands rose quarrels in the fields of irrigation and social life, in particular, in order to reclamation of virgin and dry lands in wasteland of Central Ferghana, Mirzachul, Surkhan-Sherabad, Karshi and Jizzakh, families were made to move from densely populated parts of the republic, and their influence on urbanization and transformation of districts has been substantiated; It has been ascertained that from the beginning of the 70-80s of the XX century irrigated field had been enlarged extensively without paying attention to the quality of fertilation which later caused widening irrigation and melioration affairs, the change of configuration in irrigation system, turning of irrigated field to the wasteland, and decrease of productivity; The construction of pumping stations, drainage and canal on the purpose of decreasing the surface of subsoil water in irrigated field, lately cased to destruction of natural balance of water, shortage of water, derailing of ecologic condition, and external effect to the area near the Aral Sea gene pool have been confirmed basing on historical evidences. Implementation of the research results.Basing on scientific conclusions and suggestions on enhancement of irrigation system in Uzbekistan during periodical circle of the 1951-1990s: Statistic date and research conclusions about development in irrigational constructions under the influence of the policy on irrigational system of soviet government, the archive documents which belong to the board of the irrigation systems of the Norin-Karadarya basin, section called «the main canals of Ferghana valley and hydro-technical constructions» have been applied to enhancement (Certificate № 46/84 of the basin department of Norin-Kаradaryа irrigation systems under the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources of Republic of Uzbekistan, dated March 10, 2015). Scientific results obtained during the investigation of measures taken by the colonial Soviet regime for the occurrence of irrigation systems under the influence 61 of cotton monopoly have been used in renewal of museum exhibitions in such departments as «The Reservoirs of Uzbekistan» and «The Tragedy of the Aral Sea» in the State Museum of the History of Uzbekistan, in accordance with the order of the museum numbered 36/1 I/Ch from December 28, 2014 (Certificate № 3/1255-1338 of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, dated November 2, 2016). Implementation of the scientific results in museum exhibitions provided an opportunity to truly highlight such facts of the Soviet past as the extensive, almost double expansion of irrigated land, the possibility of accumulation of water by means of large-scale irrigation facilities, the excessive use of Amudarya and Syrdarya water resources, that caused the tragedy of the Aral Sea inevitable, as well as coercive administrative measures and means taken by the Soviets to impose an artificial idea of «Irrigation development - general affair»; Scientific results of doctorate dissertations in reclamation of virgin lands in the republic have been used to reform and enrich the database of Uzbek history museum department «Reclamation of virgin and fallow lands» (Certificate № 3/1255-1338 of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, dated November 2, 2016). Applied scientific conclusions announce that during the soviet re