SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX ENTERPRISES OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

Аннотация

The sustainable development of Uzbekistan's fuel and energy complex (FEC) is essential for economic growth, energy security, and environmental responsibility. This study explores key aspects of sustainability, emphasizing digitalization, technological innovation, and strategic governance. Uzbekistan's commitment to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is reflected in national policies aimed at balancing economic stability, energy efficiency, and ecological sustainability. Keywords: Sustainable development, fuel and energy complex, energy security, digitalization, renewable energy, Uzbekistan, economic stability, environmental sustainability. One of the fundamental conditions for the successful implementation of the sustainable development strategy of Uzbekistan, and therefore the republic's entry into the ranks of the developed countries of the world, the continuation and deepening of political, economic reforms and modernization of the country, the formation of civil society and, on this basis, ensuring a decent life for its citizens, is the consistent intellectualization of society, digitalization of all spheres of the economy, that is, the transition to sustainable innovative development. This process is the development of people's abilities to perceive and generate information, the formation of new knowledge and their implementation in practice, has natural economic, humanitarian, sociological and civilizational roots. The Republic of Uzbekistan was among those 170 countries that in September 2015 made a commitment to implement the new global sustainable development goals. On October 20, 2018, the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan adopted Resolution No. 841 “On measures to implement the National Sustainable Development Goals and Objectives for the period up to 2030”, which defines 16 goals and 127 tasks to be achieved by 2030. To create an effective system for monitoring the implementation of the objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), on March 20, 2019, the Coordinating Council for the implementation of the National Sustainable Development Goals and Objectives approved 206 indicators for monitoring their achievement. At the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN), which was held in 1987, the phrase "sustainable development" was first voiced. In the report “Our Common 231 International scientific journal “Interpretation and researches” Volume 1 issue 2 (48) | ISSN: 2181-4163 | Impact Factor: 8.2 Future”, Gro Harlem Brundtland, President of the International Commission on Environment and Development, stated: “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs”. The concept of sustainable development was adopted at the UN Conference on Ecological Development in Rio de Janeiro (1992) and has not lost its relevance to this day [6]. This concept is a model of the development of civilization, in which a balanced interaction of nature, society and economy is carried out. The main economic component of the concept of sustainable development is the optimal use of hydrocarbon energy resources, as well as the use of natural energy and material- saving technologies. The document “Agenda for the 21st Century” adopted at the UN conference sets out the obligations of states to ensure sustainable development, the purpose of which is a balanced socio-economic development in terms of environmental protection, rational use of energy resources, while taking into account the vital interests of future generations The document “The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, adopted by the leaders of world powers in September 2015 at the UN summit, defines sustainable development goals that reflect the ideology of sustainable development and the tools to achieve them. The Sustainable Development Goals are closely linked and harmonized with the Action Strategy of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021, adopted in February 2017. The Strategy defines targets for the innovative development of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030 (81 indicators in total), which are also harmonized with the National Sustainable Development Goals. Our research into the foundations of sustainable development of energy enterprises led to the conclusion that the fuel and energy complex is a structure- forming system for the entire economy and affects all types of economic activity. The functioning and development of the fuel and energy complex is inextricably linked with natural resources, the efficient use of which is discussed at all international economic forums. Note that sustainable development is a multifaceted and multidimensional concept. According to the areas of sustainable development, there are: Production sustainability is characterized by the stability of the production cycle, an increase in production volumes, the introduction of new technologies, the optimal distribution of production capacities, a