FITRAT'S VIEWS IN THE ETERNAL AND IMMORTAL TONES OF LITERATURE

Аннотация

This article provides detailed information about Abdurauf Fitrat’s contribution to literature, literary principles, and the science of aruz. It scientifically substantiates that Fitrat’s scholarly heritage serves as a strong foundation for contemporary literature and presents remarkable examples. Keywords: literature, aruz, poetic system, art, treatise, rhyme, rhythmic structure, style. Аннотация: В этой статье представлена подробная информация о вкладе Абдурауфа Фитрата в литературу, литературных принципах и науке аруз. В ней научно обосновано, что научное наследие Фитрата служит прочной основой для современной литературы и представляет собой замечательные примеры. Ключевые слова: Литература, аруз, поэтическая система, искусство, трактат, рифма, ритмическая структура, стиль. Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada Abdurauf Fitratning aruz adabiyoti, adabiy tamoyillari va faniga qo'shgan hissasi haqida batafsil ma'lumot berilgan. Unda Fitratning ilmiy merosi zamonaviy adabiyot uchun mustahkam asos bo'lib xizmat qilishi va ajoyib misollar keltirishi ilmiy asoslangan. 4 Journаl of Аnаlyticаl Synergy аnd Scientific Horizon Volume 1, Issue 2, Series A 2025 Kalit so'zlar: Adabiyot, aruz, she'riy tizim, san'at, risola, qofiya, ritmik tuzilish, uslub. As a prominent scholar of his time, Abdurauf Fitrat conducted research in all fields of literary studies. As a textologist, source scholar, linguist, lexicographer, literary critic, and theorist, he authored numerous scientific treatises and articles, many of whose conclusions still serve as a foundation for today’s research. Although considerable time has passed, his studies remain scientifically significant. As an expert in the science of poetry, Fitrat paid serious attention to poetics, meter, and artistic expression in various studies and treatises. Issues concerning poetry and poetical art, classical and national poetic systems, and their role in artistic literature formed the core of his academic work. As a polymath of his time, Fitrat conducted extensive research in the field of classical poetic theory. The scientific conclusions derived from his studies remain relevant not only for his era but also for modern literary studies. Abdurauf Fitrat was a prominent thinker in Uzbek literature and literary theory, and his views on aruz meter hold great significance. He regarded aruz as the primary meter of Eastern poetry and conducted an in-depth analysis of its importance in Uzbek literature. In his works, Fitrat not only elaborated on the theoretical foundations of aruz but also focused on its practical application. Another important aspect was that Fitrat was influenced by Western philosophers, especially those who dealt with the themes of life, death and eternity, 5 Journаl of Аnаlyticаl Synergy аnd Scientific Horizon Volume 1, Issue 2, Series A 2025 such as Nietzsche and Schopengauer. A comparative approach can focus on how his ideas about immortality intersect with or diverge from these philosophical traditions. It is also possible to place the perspective of the Fitrats within the framework of Islamic metaphysical views on the immortality of the soul. You can discuss his attitude towards eternal life within the framework of Islamic mysticism (mysticism) and its reflections in literature. According to Fitrat, aruz meter is one of the key factors ensuring the rhythmic structure and melody of Uzbek and Eastern poetry. Poems written in aruz possess a distinctive musicality and harmony, enhancing their artistic expressiveness. He considered aruz not merely a technical tool but a method for deepening meaning and intensifying the aesthetic impact of poetry. Although aruz meter was later regarded as outdated in the post-20th century period, understanding its theoretical foundations remains crucial for studying the history of literature and analyzing classical works. Contemporary scholars also emphasize this viewpoint. Fitrat presented his ideas on this topic in his article "Poetry and Poets" and his book "Literary Principles." Initially, he introduced these concepts in "Poetry and Poets," later reinforcing them with concrete poetic examples in "Literary Principles." His perspectives on aruz science were further elaborated in his treatise "On Aruz." There are numerous treatises on the science of poetry and the aruz system, but Fitrat’s "On Aruz" holds a unique place. Alongside theoretical principles, the treatise incorporates a scholarly and creative approach, the author’s style, comparative analyses, and strong arguments. This is why the information in the treatise is accessible not only to specialists but also to poets and readers. As Fitrat himself stated, this scientific treatise was created to introduce aruz meter comprehensively 6 Journаl of Аnаlyticаl Synergy аnd Scientific Horizon Volume 1, Issue 2, Series A 2025 and to bring discussions on the subject beyond a narrow circle of experts, making it accessible for a wider academic audience. While adhering to traditional appro